Factores predisponentes de abandono del acetato de medroxiprogesterona en mujeres atendidas en el Centro de Salud de Parcona, Ica, Perú, 2024

Abstract

Objetivo: Identificar los factores predisponentes de abandono del acetato de medroxiprogesterona en mujeres atendidas en el Centro de Salud Parcona, Ica, 2024. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, básica, prospectivo, transversal, observacional y diseño no experimental. Resultados: Factores demográficos: el 42% son convivientes; el 38% tienen entre 21 a 25 años; 43% tiene secundaria; 82% de zona urbana; 26% es profesional; 85% es católica; factores personales: menarquía entre 13 a 14 años en 48%; el 56% tuvo 1 pareja sexual; el 61% tiene 1 a 2 hijos; el 69% no consume sustancias; efectos secundarios:78% presentó amenorrea, 62% aumentó de peso; el 44% tuvo menos de 6 meses de uso; 74% indicó que la pareja no influye en su abandono; el 68% cambió de método; el 67% lo abandonó por efectos adversos; factores socioculturales: 71% recibió asesoría del obstetra para elección del método; el 99% señaló que su religión no interfiere; el 100% lo usó por iniciativa propia y no sufrió maltrato por ello; el 76% escuchó experiencias negativas del método; el 83% no cree que cause acumulación de menstruación en el útero; 94% no lo relaciona con cáncer; el 82% tiene acceso al transporte y economía para ir por el método; el 84% no requiere aprobación de su pareja para su uso. Conclusiones: Los factores demográficos, personales y socioculturales, influyen en el abandono del uso de acetato de medroxiprogesterona en mujeres atendidas en el Centro de Salud Parcona. Objective: To identify predisposing factors for discontinuation of medroxyprogesterone acetate in women treated at the Parcona Health Center, Ica, 2024. Methodology: Descriptive, basic, prospective, cross-sectional, observational study with a non experimental design. Results: Demographic factors: 42% were cohabiting; 38% were between 21 and 25 years old; 43% had secondary education; 82% were from urban areas; 26% were professionals; 85% were Catholic; personal factors: menarche occurred between 13 and 14 years of age in 48%; 56% had one sexual partner; 61% had one to two children; 69% did not use drugs; side effects: 78% had amenorrhea, 62% gained weight; 44% had used for less than 6 months; 74% indicated that their partner did not influence their discontinuation; 68% changed methods; 67% discontinued the method due to adverse effects; sociocultural factors: 71% received obstetrician counseling on method selection; 99% indicated that their religion did not interfere; 100% used it on their own initiative and did not suffer abuse; 76% heard negative experiences with the method; 83% do not believe it causes menstrual accumulation in the uterus; 94% do not associate it with cancer; 82% have access to transportation and the means to use the method; 84% do not require their partner's approval for use. Conclusions: Demographic, personal, and sociocultural factors influence discontinuation of medroxyprogesterone acetate in women treated at the Parcona Health Center.