Compuestos bioactivos, determinación de metales y citotoxicidad de la raíz de Heliotropium Curassavicum L.
Fecha
2025
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga.
Resumen
Los pobladores de todo el mundo utilizan plantas medicinales para poder prevenir y/o curar enfermedad, ya que lo consideran un método alternativo a la medicación habitual. El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar compuestos bioactivos, metales y citotoxicidad de la raíz de Heliotropium Curassavicum L. La especie vegetal fue recolectada en la ciudad de Chincha, se maceró en alcohol de 96° para luego obtener el extracto seco de la misma. Los compuestos bioactivos se determinaron mediante la realización de una marcha fitoquímica, en donde se obtuvieron diferentes fracciones y en cada una se realizaron reacciones de coloración y/o precipitación para el reconocimiento de grupos funcionales. La determinación de metales fue realizada mediante el método de Espectrometría de Emisión Atómica de Plasma Acoplado Inductivamente. La citotoxicidad se analizó mediante la germinación de las raíces en dos especies. Como resultado de la marcha fitoquímica se presenciaron los siguientes compuestos: taninos, flavonoides, aminoácidos, alcaloides, y saponinas. En referencia a los metales, se resalta la presencia de: Potasio, Magnesio, Sodio y Calcio. Y con respecto a la toxicidad, las semillas que germinaron fueron en concentraciones iguales y menores al 1%. Por ello se concluye que hay presencia de metabolitos estrechamente relacionados con actividad antioxidante, antiinflamatoria y antibacteriana, también que la especie vegetal Heliotropium Curassavicum L es medianamente tóxica y presenta significativa concentración de metales de importancia nutricional.
Medicinal plants are used by people around the world to prevent and/or cure diseases, as they consider them an alternative to conventional medication. This research aimed to determine the bioactive compounds, metals, and cytotoxicity of the root of Heliotropium Curassavicum L. The plant species collected in the city of Chincha was macerated in 96° alcohol to obtain its dry extract. Bioactive compounds were determined through a phytochemical process, in which fractions were obtained, and coloring and/or precipitation reactions were performed on each fraction to identify functional groups. Metals were determined using the method of Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry. Cytotoxicity was analyzed through germination of roots of two species. The following compounds were found as a result of the phytochemical process: tannins, flavonoids, amino acids, alkaloids and saponins. Regarding metals, the presence of potassium, magnesium, sodium, and calcium was highlighted. Regarding toxicity, the germinated seeds were found in concentrations equal to or less than 1%. Therefore, it is concluded that metabolites closely related to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activity are present. The plant species Heliotropium Curassavicum L. is also moderately toxic and has a significant concentration of metals of nutritional importance.
Medicinal plants are used by people around the world to prevent and/or cure diseases, as they consider them an alternative to conventional medication. This research aimed to determine the bioactive compounds, metals, and cytotoxicity of the root of Heliotropium Curassavicum L. The plant species collected in the city of Chincha was macerated in 96° alcohol to obtain its dry extract. Bioactive compounds were determined through a phytochemical process, in which fractions were obtained, and coloring and/or precipitation reactions were performed on each fraction to identify functional groups. Metals were determined using the method of Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry. Cytotoxicity was analyzed through germination of roots of two species. The following compounds were found as a result of the phytochemical process: tannins, flavonoids, amino acids, alkaloids and saponins. Regarding metals, the presence of potassium, magnesium, sodium, and calcium was highlighted. Regarding toxicity, the germinated seeds were found in concentrations equal to or less than 1%. Therefore, it is concluded that metabolites closely related to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activity are present. The plant species Heliotropium Curassavicum L. is also moderately toxic and has a significant concentration of metals of nutritional importance.
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Heliotropium Curassavicum L., Compuestos bioactivos, Marcha fitoquímica, Citotoxicidad
