Evaluación comparativa de apendicectomía laparoscópica vs convencional en el Hospital Augusto Hernández Mendoza de Ica, 2023
Fecha
2025
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga
Resumen
El estudio tiene como objetivo comparar los resultados clínicos y quirúrgicos entre la
apendicectomía laparoscópica y la convencional en el Hospital Augusto Hernández
Mendoza durante el año 2023. Se empleó un diseño observacional, analítico y
retrospectivo, analizando 214 pacientes intervenidos mediante ambas técnicas. Las
variables incluyeron tiempo operatorio, complicaciones intraoperatorias y
postoperatorias, estadía hospitalaria y características sociodemográficas.
Los resultados evidenciaron que la técnica laparoscópica ofreció beneficios
significativos, con tiempos operatorios menores a una hora en el 57% de los casos, frente
a la técnica convencional, donde predominó un tiempo de 1 a 2 horas (57%). Las
complicaciones fueron más frecuentes en la cirugía convencional (57,6%) en
comparación con la laparoscópica (42,4%), destacando menor incidencia de lesiones de
órganos adyacentes y perforaciones intestinales en esta última. En términos de estadía
hospitalaria, los pacientes laparoscópicos tuvieron un mayor porcentaje de alta en menos
de tres días (28%) frente a la mayoría de los pacientes con cirugía convencional, quienes
permanecieron más de cinco días (54,7%). Estas diferencias reflejan la eficacia y
seguridad de la laparoscopía, especialmente en el manejo de casos complejos.
En conclusión, la apendicectomía laparoscópica demostró ser una mejor opción en
términos de tiempo operatorio, recuperación postoperatoria y complicaciones,
posicionándose como una técnica efectiva y segura. Se recomienda su adopción en
contextos similares para optimizar recursos hospitalarios y mejorar la calidad de atención
quirúrgica.
The study aims to compare the clinical and surgical outcomes of laparoscopic versus conventional appendectomy at the Augusto Hernández Mendoza Hospital in Ica during 2023. An observational, analytical, and retrospective design was used, analyzing 214 patients who underwent either technique. Variables examined included operative time, intraoperative and postoperative complications, hospital stay, and sociodemographic characteristics. The results showed that the laparoscopic technique offered significant benefits, with operating times of less than one hour in 57% of cases, compared to the conventional technique, where the time was 1 to 2 hours (57%). Complications were more frequent in conventional surgery (57.6%) compared to laparoscopic surgery (42.4%), with a lower incidence of adjacent organ injuries and intestinal perforations in the latter. In terms of hospital stay, laparoscopic patients had a higher percentage of discharge in less than three days (28%) compared to the majority of patients with conventional surgery, who stayed more than five days (54.7%). These differences reflect the efficacy and safety of laparoscopy, especially in the management of complex cases. In conclusion, laparoscopic appendectomy proved to be a better option in terms of operative time, postoperative recovery and complications, positioning itself as an effective and safe technique. Its adoption in similar contexts is recommended to optimize hospital resources and improve the quality of surgical care.
The study aims to compare the clinical and surgical outcomes of laparoscopic versus conventional appendectomy at the Augusto Hernández Mendoza Hospital in Ica during 2023. An observational, analytical, and retrospective design was used, analyzing 214 patients who underwent either technique. Variables examined included operative time, intraoperative and postoperative complications, hospital stay, and sociodemographic characteristics. The results showed that the laparoscopic technique offered significant benefits, with operating times of less than one hour in 57% of cases, compared to the conventional technique, where the time was 1 to 2 hours (57%). Complications were more frequent in conventional surgery (57.6%) compared to laparoscopic surgery (42.4%), with a lower incidence of adjacent organ injuries and intestinal perforations in the latter. In terms of hospital stay, laparoscopic patients had a higher percentage of discharge in less than three days (28%) compared to the majority of patients with conventional surgery, who stayed more than five days (54.7%). These differences reflect the efficacy and safety of laparoscopy, especially in the management of complex cases. In conclusion, laparoscopic appendectomy proved to be a better option in terms of operative time, postoperative recovery and complications, positioning itself as an effective and safe technique. Its adoption in similar contexts is recommended to optimize hospital resources and improve the quality of surgical care.
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Palabras clave
Apendicectomía laparoscópica, Apendicitis aguda, Cirugía mínimamente invasiva, Laparoscopic appendectomy