Conocimiento, actitud y percepción sobre reacciones alérgicas al paracetamol en pacientes con dengue en establecimientos de la Red de Salud Ica - Perú
Fecha
2025
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga
Resumen
Estimar los conocimientos, actitudes y percepciones sobre reacciones alérgicas al
paracetamol en pacientes con dengue en establecimientos de la Red de salud de Ica-Perú.
Material y método: Estudio de tipo observacional y corte trasversal. El tamaño de la muestra
fueron 384 pacientes con antecedentes de Dengue. Se aplicó un cuestionario con variables
generales y el Questionnaire regarding Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception towards Allergic
Reactions of Paracetamol (KAP-ARP), que consta de tres dominios principales: conocimiento,
actitud y percepción. Se realizó un análisis estadístico y se evaluaron diferencias estadísticas
con el Chi-cuadrado
Resultados: El 56,8% de los pacientes presentó un bajo nivel de conocimiento sobre reacciones
alérgicas al paracetamol, y las diferencias fueron significativas entre grupos de ocupación, grado
de instrucción, estado civil, región de origen, área de residencia y grupo de edad (p < 0,05). En
cuanto a las actitudes, el 49,7% mostró actitud regular hacia el paracetamol, con diferencias
significativas según región de origen y severidad del dengue (p < 0,05). El 60,9% de los
pacientes reportaron una percepción positiva sobre las reacciones alérgicas al paracetamol, con
diferencias significativas en pacientes según condición de internado en el hospital y severidad
del dengue (p < 0,05).
Conclusión: Los pacientes con dengue en la Red de Salud de Ica, mantienen conocimientos
limitados y actitudes poco favorables sobre las reacciones alérgicas al paracetamol. Se
recomienda implementar intervenciones enfocadas en aumentar el conocimiento y mejorar las
actitudes hacia su uso, especialmente en zonas rurales y entre personas con menor nivel
educativo.
To estimate the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions about allergic reactions to paracetamol in patients with dengue fever in health facilities of the Ica-Peru health network. Method: Observational and cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 384 patients with a history of Dengue. A questionnaire with general variables and the Questionnaire regarding Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception towards Allergic Reactions of Paracetamol (KAP-ARP), which consists of three main domains: knowledge, attitude and perception, was applied. Statistical analysis was performed and statistical differences were evaluated with the Chi-square test. Results: Of the patients, 56.8% had a low level of knowledge about allergic reactions to paracetamol, and the differences were significant between occupation groups, educational level, marital status, region of origin, area of residence and age group (p < 0.05). Regarding attitudes, 49.7% showed regular attitude towards paracetamol, with significant differences according to region of origin and severity of dengue (p < 0.05). A positive perception of allergic reactions to paracetamol was reported by 60.9% of patients, with significant differences in patients according to hospitalization status and severity of dengue (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Patients with dengue in the Ica Health Network have limited knowledge and unfavorable attitudes about allergic reactions to paracetamol. It is recommended to implement interventions focused on increasing knowledge and improving attitudes towards its use, especially in rural areas and among people with lower educational level.
To estimate the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions about allergic reactions to paracetamol in patients with dengue fever in health facilities of the Ica-Peru health network. Method: Observational and cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 384 patients with a history of Dengue. A questionnaire with general variables and the Questionnaire regarding Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception towards Allergic Reactions of Paracetamol (KAP-ARP), which consists of three main domains: knowledge, attitude and perception, was applied. Statistical analysis was performed and statistical differences were evaluated with the Chi-square test. Results: Of the patients, 56.8% had a low level of knowledge about allergic reactions to paracetamol, and the differences were significant between occupation groups, educational level, marital status, region of origin, area of residence and age group (p < 0.05). Regarding attitudes, 49.7% showed regular attitude towards paracetamol, with significant differences according to region of origin and severity of dengue (p < 0.05). A positive perception of allergic reactions to paracetamol was reported by 60.9% of patients, with significant differences in patients according to hospitalization status and severity of dengue (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Patients with dengue in the Ica Health Network have limited knowledge and unfavorable attitudes about allergic reactions to paracetamol. It is recommended to implement interventions focused on increasing knowledge and improving attitudes towards its use, especially in rural areas and among people with lower educational level.
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Palabras clave
Reacción alérgica, Paracetamol, Dengue, Allergic reaction