Factores de riesgo asociados a hiperglicemia en pacientes diabéticos del servicio de emergencia del Hospital Sanata María del Socorro - Ica, 2023
Fecha
2025
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga
Resumen
Determinar los factores de riesgo asociados a hiperglicemia en
pacientes diabéticos del servicio de emergencia del Hospital Santa María del
Socorro – Ica en el 2023.
Metodología: La investigación tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo, con diseño
observacional, analítico de casos y controles, transversal y retrospectivo. La
población fueron los pacientes diabéticos atendidos en emergencia del Hospital
Santa María del Socorro–Ica durante el 2023 (N=2520). Mediante muestreo
aleatorio simple, se seleccionaron 66 casos y 66 controles. La técnica empleada
fue revisión documental utilizando una ficha de recolección de datos. El análisis
estadístico se realizó con SPSS v26.0, empleando Odds Ratio con intervalo de
confianza del 95%.
Resultados: Se identificó una asociación significativa con la edad entre 45 y 65
años (OR: 4,6; IC95%: 1,7-12,1), sexo masculino, menor tiempo de diagnóstico
(menos de 5 años, OR: 8,6; IC95%: 2,6-28,0; y 5 a 10 años, OR: 4,2; IC95%:
1,2-14,8), tratamiento con insulina (OR: 3,3; IC95%: 1,4-8,0) e hipertensión
arterial (OR: 2,5; IC95%: 1,2-5,1). No se identificaron asociaciones significativas
entre factores conductuales y la presencia de hiperglicemia (p>0,05).
Conclusiones: La hiperglicemia en pacientes diabéticos se asocia
significativamente con edad entre 45 y 65 años, sexo masculino, menor tiempo
de diagnóstico, tratamiento con insulina y presencia de hipertensión arterial, sin
influencia relevante de factores conductuales.
To determine the risk factors associated with hyperglycemia in diabetic patients in the emergency service of the Santa María del Socorro Hospital – Ica in 2023. Methodology: The research had a quantitative approach, with an observational, analytical case-control, cross-sectional and retrospective design. The population was diabetic patients treated in the emergency room of the Santa María del Socorro-Ica Hospital during 2023 (N=2520). Using simple random sampling, 66 cases and 66 controls were selected. The technique used was a documentary review using a data collection form. The statistical analysis was performed with SPSS v26.0, using Odds Ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Results: A significant association was identified with age between 45 and 65 years (OR: 4.6; 95% CI: 1.7-12.1), male sex, shorter diagnosis time (less than 5 years, OR: 8.6; 95% CI: 2.6-28.0; and 5 to 10 years, OR: 4.2; 95% CI: 1.2-14.8), insulin treatment (OR: 3.3; 95% CI: 1.4-8.0), and high blood pressure (OR: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.2-5.1). No significant associations were identified between behavioral factors and the presence of hyperglycemia (p>0.05). Conclusions: Hyperglycemia in diabetic patients is significantly associated with age between 45 and 65 years, male sex, shorter diagnosis time, insulin treatment and presence of arterial hypertension, without relevant influence of behavioral factors.
To determine the risk factors associated with hyperglycemia in diabetic patients in the emergency service of the Santa María del Socorro Hospital – Ica in 2023. Methodology: The research had a quantitative approach, with an observational, analytical case-control, cross-sectional and retrospective design. The population was diabetic patients treated in the emergency room of the Santa María del Socorro-Ica Hospital during 2023 (N=2520). Using simple random sampling, 66 cases and 66 controls were selected. The technique used was a documentary review using a data collection form. The statistical analysis was performed with SPSS v26.0, using Odds Ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Results: A significant association was identified with age between 45 and 65 years (OR: 4.6; 95% CI: 1.7-12.1), male sex, shorter diagnosis time (less than 5 years, OR: 8.6; 95% CI: 2.6-28.0; and 5 to 10 years, OR: 4.2; 95% CI: 1.2-14.8), insulin treatment (OR: 3.3; 95% CI: 1.4-8.0), and high blood pressure (OR: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.2-5.1). No significant associations were identified between behavioral factors and the presence of hyperglycemia (p>0.05). Conclusions: Hyperglycemia in diabetic patients is significantly associated with age between 45 and 65 years, male sex, shorter diagnosis time, insulin treatment and presence of arterial hypertension, without relevant influence of behavioral factors.
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Palabras clave
Factores de riesgo, Hiperglucemia, Diabetes mellitus, Hyperglycemia