Factores mentales asociados al síndrome del impostor entre estudiantes y recién egresados de la carrera de medicina humana
Fecha
2025
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga.
Resumen
Objetivo: Determinar los factores mentales asociados al síndrome del impostor en estudiantes y recién egresados de la carrera de Medicina Humana.
Método: Diseño observacional, transversal, analítico y correlacional. La población estuvo constituida por estudiantes de primer a séptimo año de la carrera de medicina humana y recién egresados de la Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga y Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista de Ica, durante el año 2025, considerándose una muestra de 360 estudiantes. Los instrumentos usados fueron la escala de fenómeno del impostor de Clance (CIPS), “DASS-21”, la escala de “Rosenberg” y una ficha de recolección de datos para las variables sociodemográficas.
Resultados: El 58.89% del total fueron mujeres, 76.11% solo estudia y 96.39% reportó ser soltero(a). El 31.67% no presentó depresión, 68.34% sí presentó algún grado, siendo más frecuente el grado moderado (25.28%). En cuanto a la ansiedad, 28.89% no reportó síntomas, mientras que 71.1% presentó algún grado y el nivel muy severo fue el de mayor porcentaje (36.39%). Respecto al estrés, 41.11% no presentó esta alteración, 58.89% si tuvo algún grado y fue el severo el más predominante (19.17%). El 18.89% tenía niveles de autoestima bajos, el 80% normales y el 1.11% autoestima alta. El 49.72% presentó síndrome del impostor y fue significativamente superior en participantes de menor edad y en mujeres, con un 64.80% frente al 35.20% en varones, diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p= 0.023).
Conclusiones: Menos de la mitad de los estudiantes presentaron síndrome del impostor, el cual fue predominante en mujeres y en estudiantes de menor edad. La mayoría presentó algún grado de complejidad de depresión, ansiedad y estrés y en todos los casos a mayor severidad, el riesgo de presentar síndrome del impostor fue mayor. Además, aquellos que presentaron autoestima alta tuvieron un riesgo mayor de este síndrome en comparación con aquellos con autoestima normal.
Objective: To determine the mental factors associated with imposter syndrome in students and recent graduates of the Human Medicine career. Method: Observational, cross-sectional, analytical and correlational design. The study population was constituted of first- to seventh-year students of the Human Medicine program and recent graduates at the National University of San Luis Gonzaga and the Private University of San Juan Bautista, during the year 2025, considering a sample of 360 students. The instruments used were the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS), “DASS-21”, the Rosenberg scale and a data collection form for sociodemographic variables. Results: The 58.89% of the total were women, 76.11% only study and 96.39% reported being single. 31.67% did not present depression; 68.34% presented some level of depression; with the moderate level being the most frequent (25.28%). Regarding anxiety, 28.89% reported no symptoms, while 71.1% presented some level with the very severe level being the most frequent (36.39%). With respect to stress, 41.11% did not exhibit this condition, while 58.89% experienced some level, with the severe level being the most predominant (19.17%). 18.89% had low self-esteem levels, 80% had normal levels, and 1.11% had high self-esteem. 49.72% presented impostor syndrome, and it was significantly higher among younger participants and women, with 64.80% compared to 35.20% in men, a statistically significant difference (p= 0.023). Conclusions: Less than half of the students presented impostor syndrome, wich was prevalent among women and younger students.". The majority showed some level of depression, anxiety, and stress, and in all cases, the greater the severity, the higher the risk of experiencing impostor syndrome. Additionally, those with high self-esteem had a greater risk of developing this syndrome compared to those with normal self-esteem.
Objective: To determine the mental factors associated with imposter syndrome in students and recent graduates of the Human Medicine career. Method: Observational, cross-sectional, analytical and correlational design. The study population was constituted of first- to seventh-year students of the Human Medicine program and recent graduates at the National University of San Luis Gonzaga and the Private University of San Juan Bautista, during the year 2025, considering a sample of 360 students. The instruments used were the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS), “DASS-21”, the Rosenberg scale and a data collection form for sociodemographic variables. Results: The 58.89% of the total were women, 76.11% only study and 96.39% reported being single. 31.67% did not present depression; 68.34% presented some level of depression; with the moderate level being the most frequent (25.28%). Regarding anxiety, 28.89% reported no symptoms, while 71.1% presented some level with the very severe level being the most frequent (36.39%). With respect to stress, 41.11% did not exhibit this condition, while 58.89% experienced some level, with the severe level being the most predominant (19.17%). 18.89% had low self-esteem levels, 80% had normal levels, and 1.11% had high self-esteem. 49.72% presented impostor syndrome, and it was significantly higher among younger participants and women, with 64.80% compared to 35.20% in men, a statistically significant difference (p= 0.023). Conclusions: Less than half of the students presented impostor syndrome, wich was prevalent among women and younger students.". The majority showed some level of depression, anxiety, and stress, and in all cases, the greater the severity, the higher the risk of experiencing impostor syndrome. Additionally, those with high self-esteem had a greater risk of developing this syndrome compared to those with normal self-esteem.
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Palabras clave
Síndrome del impostor, Autoestima, Depresión, Estrés psicológico, Estudiantes de medicina
