Factores de riesgo asociados a hernia inguinal recidivante en pacientes del Hospital Regional de Ica, 2022-2025

Abstract

Objetivo: Determinar los factores de riesgo asociados a hernia inguinal recidivante en pacientes del Hospital Regional de Ica, 2022-2025. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio analítico, observacional, transversal, retrospectivo, de casos y controles. Se incluyó en el estudio a 160 pacientes con hernia inguinal recidivante (80) y hernia inguinal sin recidiva (80), que fueron atendidos en el Hospital Regional de Ica, 2022 al 2025. Los datos se obtuvieron por revisión de historias clínicas. Se utilizaron el chi cuadrado, con p≤0,005, odds ratio, IC 95%. Resultados: Dentro de los factores de riesgo asociados tenemos: Edad ≥ 60 años (X2=13,529; p-valor= <0,001; OR=3,619; IC 95%=1,794-7,302), ser del sexo masculino(X2=5,225; p-valor=0,022; OR=2,275; IC 95%=1,115-4,639), presentar obesidad(X2=28,623; p-valor= <0,001; OR=7,290; IC 95%=3,364-15,797), padecer de diabetes mellitus II (X2=23,333; p-valor= <0,001; OR=6,333; IC 95%=2,861-14,021), padecer de tabaquismo (X2=23,700; p-valor= <0,001; OR=5,412; IC 95%=2,675-10,949), presentar una hernia complicada (X2=11,068; p-valor= <0,001; OR=2,944; IC 95%=1,546-5,607), técnica operatoria diferente a la Lichtenstein (X2=9,608; p-valor=0,002; OR=4,672; IC 95%=1,649-13,238) y presentar una cirugía de urgencia (X2=7,235; p-valor=0,007; OR=2,374; IC 95%=1,258-4,479). Conclusión: La presencia de hernia inguinal recidivante, se asocia con factores como: Tener una edad ≥ 60 años, ser del sexo masculino, presentar obesidad, padecer de diabetes mellitus II, padecer de tabaquismo, presentar una hernia complicada, técnica operatoria diferente a la Lichtenstein y presentar una cirugía de urgencia. Aim: To determine the risk factors associated with recurrent inguinal hernia in patients at the Regional Hospital of Ica, 2022-2025. Material and methods: An analytical, observational, cross-sectional, retrospective, case-control study was conducted. The study included 160 patients with recurrent inguinal hernia (80) and non-recurrent inguinal hernia (80), who were treated at the Ica Regional Hospital between 2022 and 2025. Data were obtained by reviewing medical records. The chi-square test was used, with p ≤ 0.005, odds ratio, and 95% confidence interval. Results: Among the associated risk factors we have: Age ≥ 60 years (X2=13.529; p-value= <0.001; OR=3.619; 95% CI=1.794-7.302), being male (X2=5.225; p-value=0.022; OR=2.275; 95% CI=1.115-4.639), having obesity (X2=28.623; p-value= <0.001; OR=7.290; 95% CI=3.364-15.797), having type II diabetes mellitus (X2=23.333; p-value= <0.001; OR=6.333; 95% CI=2.861-14.021), having a smoking habit (X2=23.700; p-value= <0.001; OR=5.412; 95% CI=2.675-10.949), presenting a complicated hernia (X2=11.068; p-value= <0.001; OR=2.944; 95% CI=1.546-5.607), operating technique other than the Lichtenstein (X2=9.608; p-value=0.002; OR=4.672; CI 95%=1.649-13.238) and present emergency surgery (X2=7.235; p-value=0.007; OR=2.374; 95% CI=1.258-4.479). Conclusion: The presence of recurrent inguinal hernia is associated with factors such as: being ≥ 60 years of age, being male, having obesity, suffering from type II diabetes mellitus, smoking, having a complicated hernia, having an operative technique other than the Lichtenstein, and having emergency surgery.