Trichomonas vaginalis en mujeres de edad reproductiva en el establecimiento Micro Red "La Palma" de la provincia de Ica, agosto 2021 - enero 2022
Fecha
2023
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga
Resumen
La tricomoniasis, es una infección provocada por el protozoo Trichomonas vaginalis, parásito que
se adhiere a la mucosa del tracto genitourinario por proteínas de superficie, ocasionando reacción
inflamatoria, evidenciado con enrojecimiento y presencia de leucorrea, prurito vulvar y
ocasionalmente cistitis. El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la
prevalencia de infección por T. vaginalis en mujeres de edad reproductiva en el establecimiento
micro red “La Palma” de Ica, entre los meses de agosto del 2021 a enero del 2022. Se evaluó 71
muestras de secreción vaginal de pacientes que asistieron a la consulta de ginecología, a las cuales
se les realizó un examen directo para la búsqueda de trofozoítos, estructura parasitaria indicador
de infección. Obteniendo como resultado que 14,1 % de las pacientes presentaron una prevalencia
de infección, aunque en porcentaje mínimo, sigue constituyendo un importante problema de salud
sexual en las mujeres en estudio; se determinó que la edad, la escolaridad y el estado civil, no
presentaron asociación estadística significativa con la infección (p>0,05); asimismo, el uso de
preservativo, el embarazo y la presencia de sintomatología, no tiene relación con la infección
(p>0,05); el tener dos o más parejas sexuales, tiene asociación significativa a la infección por T.
vaginalis (p<0,05). Se concluye que los factores sociodemográficos no guardan relación
estadísticamente significativa con los casos de infección por tricomonas; en tanto que el número
de parejas sexuales de los pacientes resulto estadísticamente significativa con la tricomoniasis.
Trichomoniasis is an infection caused by the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis, a parasite that adheres to the mucosa of the genitourinary tract by surface proteins, causing an inflammatory reaction, evidenced by redness and the presence of leucorrhoea, vulvar pruritus and occasionally cystitis. The objective of this research work was to determine the prevalence of infection by T. vaginalis in women of reproductive age in the "La Palma" micro-network establishment of Ica, between the months of August 2021 to January 2022. 71 samples were evaluated. of vaginal discharge from patients who attended the gynecology clinic, who underwent a direct examination to search for trophozoites, a parasitic structure indicating infection. Obtaining as a result that 14,1 % of the patients presented a prevalence of infection, although in a minimum percentage, it continues to constitute an important problem of sexual health in the women under study; it was determined that age, schooling and marital status did not present a significant statistical association with infection (p>0,05); likewise, the use of condoms, pregnancy and the presence of symptoms are not related to the infection (p>0,05); having two or more sexual partners has a significant association with T. vaginalis infection (p<0,05). It is concluded that the sociodemographic factors do not have a statistically significant relationship with the cases of trichomonas infection; while the number of sexual partners of the patients was statistically significant with trichomoniasis.
Trichomoniasis is an infection caused by the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis, a parasite that adheres to the mucosa of the genitourinary tract by surface proteins, causing an inflammatory reaction, evidenced by redness and the presence of leucorrhoea, vulvar pruritus and occasionally cystitis. The objective of this research work was to determine the prevalence of infection by T. vaginalis in women of reproductive age in the "La Palma" micro-network establishment of Ica, between the months of August 2021 to January 2022. 71 samples were evaluated. of vaginal discharge from patients who attended the gynecology clinic, who underwent a direct examination to search for trophozoites, a parasitic structure indicating infection. Obtaining as a result that 14,1 % of the patients presented a prevalence of infection, although in a minimum percentage, it continues to constitute an important problem of sexual health in the women under study; it was determined that age, schooling and marital status did not present a significant statistical association with infection (p>0,05); likewise, the use of condoms, pregnancy and the presence of symptoms are not related to the infection (p>0,05); having two or more sexual partners has a significant association with T. vaginalis infection (p<0,05). It is concluded that the sociodemographic factors do not have a statistically significant relationship with the cases of trichomonas infection; while the number of sexual partners of the patients was statistically significant with trichomoniasis.
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Palabras clave
Tricomoniasis, Flujo vaginal, Actividad sexual, Factores de riesgo, Vaginal discharge