Valoración de alcaloides, flavonoides y actividad antioxidante en el extracto etanólico de las flores de Argemone mexicana “cardo santo”
Fecha
2025
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga
Resumen
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo principal la Valoración de alcaloides, flavonoides y
actividad antioxidante del extracto etanólico de las flores de Argemone mexicana “cardo santo”
recolectada en la zona de San Javier, distrito de Changuillo, provincia de Nazca Departamento
de Ica, donde la especie crece como hierba mala en terrenos baldíos y se le atribuye propiedades
ciertas propiedades beneficiosas para la salud de los seres humanos. Se obtuvo un extracto
etanolico por maceración durante 15 días con alcohol de 96°, el cual fue llevado a sequedad, en
el extracto seco se cuantifico el contenido de alcaloides mediante el método
espectrofotométricos con el reactivo de verde de bromocresol; los flavonoides por el método del
tricloruro de aluminio y actividad antioxidante por los métodos DPPH y CUPRAC empleando
el trolox como patrón de referencia. Resultados, el extracto de las flores de la planta presento
metabolitos secundarios predominantemente de los tipos alcaloides y flavonoides; con respecto
contenido de alcaloides se obtuvo 92 µg EA/mg; para flavonoides un 1mM EQ/2,30 mg de
extracto y la actividad antioxidante por el método DPPH presenta un IC50 de 9,23 mg, para el
método CUPRAC presenta equivalente de trolox de 1,73, concluyendo que tiene una alta
concentración de flavonoides y una considerable actividad antioxidante.
The main objective of the present study was the assessment of alkaloids, flavonoids and antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract of the flowers of Argemone mexicana “cardo santo” collected in the San Javier area, district of Changuillo, province of Nazca, Department of Ica, where the species grows as a weed in vacant land and is attributed certain properties beneficial to the health of human beings. An ethanolic extract was obtained by maceration for 15 days with 96° alcohol, which was brought to dryness. In the dry extract, the alkaloid content was quantified using the spectrophotometric method with the bromocresol green reagent; flavonoids by the aluminum trichloride method and antioxidant activity by the DPPH and CUPRAC methods using trolox as a reference standard. Results, the extract of the plant flowers presented secondary metabolites predominantly of the alkaloid and flavonoid types; Regarding alkaloid content, 92 µg EA/mg was obtained; for flavonoids a 1mM EQ/2.30 mg of extract and the antioxidant activity by the DPPH method presents an IC50 of 9.23 mg, for the CUPRAC method it presents a trolox equivalent of 1.73, concluding that it has a high concentration of flavonoids and considerable antioxidant activity.
The main objective of the present study was the assessment of alkaloids, flavonoids and antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract of the flowers of Argemone mexicana “cardo santo” collected in the San Javier area, district of Changuillo, province of Nazca, Department of Ica, where the species grows as a weed in vacant land and is attributed certain properties beneficial to the health of human beings. An ethanolic extract was obtained by maceration for 15 days with 96° alcohol, which was brought to dryness. In the dry extract, the alkaloid content was quantified using the spectrophotometric method with the bromocresol green reagent; flavonoids by the aluminum trichloride method and antioxidant activity by the DPPH and CUPRAC methods using trolox as a reference standard. Results, the extract of the plant flowers presented secondary metabolites predominantly of the alkaloid and flavonoid types; Regarding alkaloid content, 92 µg EA/mg was obtained; for flavonoids a 1mM EQ/2.30 mg of extract and the antioxidant activity by the DPPH method presents an IC50 of 9.23 mg, for the CUPRAC method it presents a trolox equivalent of 1.73, concluding that it has a high concentration of flavonoids and considerable antioxidant activity.
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Palabras clave
Argemone mexicana, Alcaloides, Flavonoides, Antioxidante, Alkaloids