Impacto de la contaminación atmosférica por NO2, CO y PM (2,5 y 10) en la alteración de la salud pública Salas - Ica 2023
Fecha
2025
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga.
Resumen
La investigación tuvo el objetivo de determinar el impacto generado por la contaminación
atmosférica por NO2, CO y PM (2,5 y 10) en perjuicio de la salud pública Salas - Ica 2023. La
metodología fue correlacional causal y con la participación de 136 pobladores del lugar, así
como del mismo ambiente. La técnica fue a través de la encuesta y el análisis documental y los
instrumentos fueron las fichas de registro y el cuestionario. Resultados: Se encontró con mayor
frecuencia que las edades de los pobladores fueron 47.79% de adultos, 37.5% jóvenes, 8.09
adolescentes y 6.62% adultos mayores de sexo femenino con 60.29% y con estudios
secundarios. Entre los cuales 83.09% de pobladores conocen de los síntomas de IRA, Asma
66.91% y sobre Neumonía la conoce en un 64.71%. Asimismo, se determinó que las
concentraciones de contaminantes atmosféricos en el distrito de Salas, el NO2 tiene una media
de 14.25 ug/m3, CO con un promedio de 13.75 ug/m3, material particulado <2,5 con un
promedio de 28.70 ug/m3 y material particulado < 10 con 77.02 ug/m3. Las variables
meteorológicas muestran que en el distrito de Salas existe una temperatura media de 22. 1º C, su
fuerza de viento con una media de 1.75m/s; su humedad relativa de 80.5% y una presión
barométrica de 1008.7. Conclusión: Se determinó que la concentración PM (2,5 y 10), NO2,
CO impactan significativamente en la salud pública de los pobladores. Por lo tanto, existe
adultos mayores con 37.5% de alto nivel de aparición de enfermedades relacionadas al IRA.
Entonces, a un nivel medio de concentraciones de contaminantes le corresponde un nivel medio
de aparición d enfermedades relacionadas al IRA perjudicando la salud pública de los
pobladores del distrito de Salas. El impacto que genera perjuicio en la salud pública es en la
temperatura, en la fuerza de viento y en la presión atmosférica porque sus valores son menores a
0.05.
The research aimed to determine the impact generated by air pollution by NO2, CO and PM (2,5 and 10) on public health detriment of residents Salas district, Ica 2023. The methodology was causal correlational and with the participation of 136 residents of the place, as well as of the same environment. The technique was through the survey and documentary analysis and the instruments were the log sheets and the questionnaire. Results: It was found with highest frequency that the ages of the residents were 47.79% adults, 37.5% youths, 8.09 adolescents and 6.62% older adults of female sex with 60.29% and with secondary education. Among which 83.09% of residents know of the symptoms of IRA, Asthma 66.91% and about Pneumonia know it in a 64.71%. Likewise, it was determined that the concentrations of air pollutants in Salas district, the NO2 has a mean of 14.25 ug/m3, CO with an average of 13.75 ug/m3, particulate matter < 2,5 with an average of 28.70ug/m3 and particulate material < 10 with 77.02 ug/m3. The meteorological variables show that in the district of Salas there is an average temperature of 22. 1o C, its wind force with an average of 1.75m/s; its relative humidity of 80.5% and a barometric pressure of 1008.7. Conclusion: It was determined that PM (2,5 and 10), NO2, CO concentration significantly impact on public health of residents. Therefore, there are older adults with 37.5% of high level of occurrence of IRA-related diseases. Then, to a medium level of pollutant concentrations corresponds to a medium level of occurrence of IRA related diseases harming the public health of the residents of Salas district. The impact that generates harm to public health is in temperature, wind force and atmospheric pressure because their values are less than 0.05.
The research aimed to determine the impact generated by air pollution by NO2, CO and PM (2,5 and 10) on public health detriment of residents Salas district, Ica 2023. The methodology was causal correlational and with the participation of 136 residents of the place, as well as of the same environment. The technique was through the survey and documentary analysis and the instruments were the log sheets and the questionnaire. Results: It was found with highest frequency that the ages of the residents were 47.79% adults, 37.5% youths, 8.09 adolescents and 6.62% older adults of female sex with 60.29% and with secondary education. Among which 83.09% of residents know of the symptoms of IRA, Asthma 66.91% and about Pneumonia know it in a 64.71%. Likewise, it was determined that the concentrations of air pollutants in Salas district, the NO2 has a mean of 14.25 ug/m3, CO with an average of 13.75 ug/m3, particulate matter < 2,5 with an average of 28.70ug/m3 and particulate material < 10 with 77.02 ug/m3. The meteorological variables show that in the district of Salas there is an average temperature of 22. 1o C, its wind force with an average of 1.75m/s; its relative humidity of 80.5% and a barometric pressure of 1008.7. Conclusion: It was determined that PM (2,5 and 10), NO2, CO concentration significantly impact on public health of residents. Therefore, there are older adults with 37.5% of high level of occurrence of IRA-related diseases. Then, to a medium level of pollutant concentrations corresponds to a medium level of occurrence of IRA related diseases harming the public health of the residents of Salas district. The impact that generates harm to public health is in temperature, wind force and atmospheric pressure because their values are less than 0.05.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Contaminación atmosférica, Salud pública, Pobladores, Air pollution