Determinación de la actividad antifúngica del extracto etanólico de las hojas de Vallesia glabra “Perlillo”
Fecha
2025
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga
Resumen
El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar la actividad antifúngica del extracto
etanólico de las hojas de Vallesia glabra (Perlillo) sobre Candida albicans y Aspergillus niger.
El tipo de investigación es de tipo transversal, de diseño experimental y nivel básico. El extracto
se consiguió por maceración y se le realizo screening fitoquímico. Se usaron los métodos de
difusión en agar y macrodilución para determinar la actividad antifúngica y la concentración
mínima inhibitoria (CMI) respectivamente, con concentraciones del extracto de 25%, 50%, 75%
y 100% y Fluconazol como control positivo (C+). Obteniendo como resultado del screening
fitoquímico la presencia de alcaloides, saponinas, cumarinas, flavonoides, compuestos fenólicos
y triterpenoides como metabolitos secundarios; referente a la actividad antifúngica para
Candida las concentraciones de 50%,75% y 100% con halos de inhibición de 24.1 mm, 26.8
mm y 29.4 mm respectivamente y para Aspergillus las concentraciones de 75% y 100% con
halos de inhibición de 23.4 mm y 25.1 mm respectivamente. Para la CMI de Candida fue la
concentración de 50% con 142 UFC/ml y para la CMI de Aspergillus fue la concentración de
75% con 187 UFC/ml. Concluyendo que el extracto tiene actividad antifúngica sobre Candida
en concentraciones de 50%, 75% y 100% pero no mayor al C+, con una CMI del 50%; y para
Aspergillus en concentraciones de 75% y 100% pero no mayor al C+, con una CMI del 75%.
The objective of this research was to determine the antifungal activity of the ethanolic extract of Vallesia glabra (Perlillo) leaves on Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. The type of research is cross-sectional, experimental design and basic level. The extract was obtained by maceration and phytochemical screening was performed. The agar diffusion and macrodilution methods were used to determine the antifungal activity and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) respectively, with extract concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% and Fluconazole as positive control (C +). Obtaining as a result of the phytochemical screening the presence of alkaloids, saponins, coumarins, flavonoids, phenolic compounds and triterpenoids as secondary metabolites; Regarding the antifungal activity for Candida, the concentrations were 50%, 75% and 100% with inhibition zones of 24.1 mm, 26.8 mm and 29.4 mm respectively, and for Aspergillus, the concentrations were 75% and 100% with inhibition zones of 23.4 mm and 25.1 mm respectively. For the Candida MIC, the concentration was 50% with 142 CFU/ml and for the Aspergillus MIC, the concentration was 75% with 187 CFU/ml. It was concluded that the extract has antifungal activity on Candida at concentrations of 50%, 75% and 100% but not higher than C+, with an MIC of 50%; and for Aspergillus at concentrations of 75% and 100% but not higher than C+, with an MIC of 75%.
The objective of this research was to determine the antifungal activity of the ethanolic extract of Vallesia glabra (Perlillo) leaves on Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. The type of research is cross-sectional, experimental design and basic level. The extract was obtained by maceration and phytochemical screening was performed. The agar diffusion and macrodilution methods were used to determine the antifungal activity and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) respectively, with extract concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% and Fluconazole as positive control (C +). Obtaining as a result of the phytochemical screening the presence of alkaloids, saponins, coumarins, flavonoids, phenolic compounds and triterpenoids as secondary metabolites; Regarding the antifungal activity for Candida, the concentrations were 50%, 75% and 100% with inhibition zones of 24.1 mm, 26.8 mm and 29.4 mm respectively, and for Aspergillus, the concentrations were 75% and 100% with inhibition zones of 23.4 mm and 25.1 mm respectively. For the Candida MIC, the concentration was 50% with 142 CFU/ml and for the Aspergillus MIC, the concentration was 75% with 187 CFU/ml. It was concluded that the extract has antifungal activity on Candida at concentrations of 50%, 75% and 100% but not higher than C+, with an MIC of 50%; and for Aspergillus at concentrations of 75% and 100% but not higher than C+, with an MIC of 75%.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Vallesia glabra, Actividad antifúngica, Extracto etanólico, Candida albicans, Antifungal activity