Efecto de los micronutrientes zinc y hierro para biofortificación del cultivo de Quinua (Chenopodium quinoa), Var.: INIA 446 ATIPAQ para región Costa – Chincha
Fecha
2025
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga
Resumen
Este trabajo de investigación relacionado con el proceso de biofortificación agronómica en el
cultivo de quinua variedad INIA – 446 – ATIPAQ se llevó a cabo en los terrenos de la Estación
Experimental INIA – Chincha, ubicado en el distrito de chincha baja, a la altura del km 200.5 de
la carretera Panamericana sur, con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto de la aplicación de los
microelementos hierro y zinc y la capacidad de absorción de ambos y la biofortificación del
cultivo de quinua. Se aplicaron diez tratamientos en el diseño de Bloques Completos al Azar, con
cuatro repeticiones, utilizando como fuentes fertilizantes minerales, sulfatos de hierro y zinc más
los quelatos de ambos incluyendo los ácidos húmicos y Fúlvicos. Se evaluó la altura de planta,
longitud y peso de panoja, rendimiento de grano y se realizaron los análisis de contenido de hierro
y zinc tanto en hojas como en granos. Como resultado se encontró diferencias significativas el en
peso y rendimiento de granos, destacando el tratamiento 10, con 40 Kg/Ha de sulfato de zinc en
combinación con 50 L/Ha de ácido húmico, con 4,350.0 Kg/Ha de grano; los mayores contenidos
de hierro en hojas y granos se logró con el tratamiento 7 de 30 litros de ácido fúlvico con 20
Kg/Ha de sulfato ferroso y para el zinc tanto en hoja como en grano sobresalió el tratamiento de
clave 2 con aplicaciones de sulfato de zinc a la dosis de 40 Kg/Ha con los más altos contenidos
del nutriente.
This research work related to the agronomic biofortification process in the cultivation of quinoa variety INIA - 446 - ATIPAQ was carried out on the grounds of the INIA - Chincha Experimental Station, located in the district of Chincha Baja, at km 200.5 of the Panamerican Highway South, with the aim of evaluating the effect of the application of the microelements iron and zinc and the absorption capacity of both and the biofortification of the quinoa crop. Ten treatments were applied in the design of Randomized Complete Blocks, with four replications, using as sources mineral fertilizers, iron and zinc sulfates plus chelates of both including humic and fulvic acids. Plant height, panicle length and weight, grain yield were evaluated and iron and zinc content analyses were performed in both leaves and grains. As a result, significant differences were found in grain weight and yield, with treatment 10 standing out, with 40 Kg/Ha of zinc sulphate in combination with 50 L/Ha of humic acid, with 4,350.0 Kg/Ha of grain; the highest iron contents in leaves and grains were achieved with treatment 7 of 30 liters of fulvic acid with 20 Kg/Ha of ferrous sulphate and for zinc in both leaves and grain, key treatment 2 stood out with applications of zinc sulphate at a dose of 40 Kg/Ha with the highest contents of the nutrient.
This research work related to the agronomic biofortification process in the cultivation of quinoa variety INIA - 446 - ATIPAQ was carried out on the grounds of the INIA - Chincha Experimental Station, located in the district of Chincha Baja, at km 200.5 of the Panamerican Highway South, with the aim of evaluating the effect of the application of the microelements iron and zinc and the absorption capacity of both and the biofortification of the quinoa crop. Ten treatments were applied in the design of Randomized Complete Blocks, with four replications, using as sources mineral fertilizers, iron and zinc sulfates plus chelates of both including humic and fulvic acids. Plant height, panicle length and weight, grain yield were evaluated and iron and zinc content analyses were performed in both leaves and grains. As a result, significant differences were found in grain weight and yield, with treatment 10 standing out, with 40 Kg/Ha of zinc sulphate in combination with 50 L/Ha of humic acid, with 4,350.0 Kg/Ha of grain; the highest iron contents in leaves and grains were achieved with treatment 7 of 30 liters of fulvic acid with 20 Kg/Ha of ferrous sulphate and for zinc in both leaves and grain, key treatment 2 stood out with applications of zinc sulphate at a dose of 40 Kg/Ha with the highest contents of the nutrient.
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Palabras clave
Quinua, Sulfatos, Quelatos, Biofortificacion, Acido, Chelates
