Efecto de tres niveles de ácido linoleico en la dieta sobre índices productivos de gallinas ponedoras
Fecha
2025
Autores
Asesor
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga
Resumen
Las gallinas de postura requieren un abastecimiento de lípidos diariamente a
través de la dieta para producir un huevo. Los lípidos están compuestos por ácidos grasos. El
ácido graso linoleico (AGL) es un ácido graso esencial, que la gallina no puede sintetizar y se
debe proporcionar a través de la dieta. Se requiere reevaluar si aumentando el nivel de AGL puede
afectar la respuesta productiva y calidad de huevo de las gallinas de postura. OBJETIVO:
determinar el efecto de diferentes niveles de AGL en la dieta sobre los índices productivos y
calidad de huevo de gallinas de postura. MÉTODOS: Se utilizaron 60 gallinas de postura de la
línea genética LOHMANN Brown de 75 semanas de edad. Se aplicaron 3 tratamientos: 1.48%
AGL (T-1), 1.98% AGL (T-2) y 2.48% AGL (T-3). Los tratamientos fueron asignados
aleatoriamente siguiendo los lineamientos del diseño de bloques completo al azar. Cada
tratamiento tuvo 5 repeticiones, dando un total de 1 unidades experimentales. Los indicadores
productivos fueron la producción de huevos, consumo de alimento, índice de conversión
alimenticia, eficiencia energética, peso de huevo y masa de huevo. Las características de calidad
de huevo: unidad Haugh, índice de yema, peso relativo de yema, color de yema, grosor de cáscara,
gravedad específica, índice de cáscara, resistencia a rotura de cáscara, peso relativo de cáscara y
color de cáscara RESULTADOS: La producción de huevos y peso relativo de yema fue mayor
(P<0.05) conforme aumento el nivel de AGL. La conversión, eficiencia energética, la masa de
huevo fue más alta (P<0.05) con el nivel de 1.98% de AGL. El peso de huevo fue más alto con
los niveles 1.48 y 1.98% de AGL. CONCLUSIÓN: La más alta tasa de producción de huevos se
encontró con los niveles 1.98 y 2.48% de AGL en la dieta. Con un nivel moderado de AGL se
mejora la conversión, eficiencia energética y masa de huevo. No hay necesidad de aumentar el
nivel de AGL hasta 1.98 y 2.48% en la dieta para aumentar el peso de huevo ya que con el nivel
de 1.48 % de AGL es suficiente para lograr un alto peso de huevo.
Laying hens requires a daily supply of lipids through the diet to produce an egg. Lipids are composed of fatty acids. Linoleic fatty acid (FFA) is an essential fatty acid that the hen cannot synthesize and must be provided through the diet. It is necessary to re-evaluate whether increasing the FFA level can affect the productive response and egg quality of laying hens. OBJECTIVE: to determine the effect of different dietary FFA levels on the productive indices and egg quality of laying hens. METHODS: 60 laying hens of the LOHMANN Brown genetic line of 75 weeks of age were used. Three treatments were applied: 1.48% FFA (T-1), 1.98% FFA (T-2) and 2.48% FFA (T-3). The treatments were randomly assigned following the guidelines of the randomized complete block design. Each treatment had 5 replications, giving a total of 1 experimental unit. The productive indicators were egg production, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, energy efficiency, egg weight and egg mass. The egg quality traits: Haugh unit, yolk index, relative yolk weight, yolk color, shell thickness, specific gravity, shell index, shell breaking strength, relative shell weight and shell color. RESULTS: Egg production and relative yolk weight were higher (P<0.05) as the FFA level increased. Conversion, energy efficiency, egg mass were higher (P<0.05) with the 1.98% FFA level. Egg weight was higher with the low FFA levels (1.48 and 1.98%). CONCLUSION: To improve egg production, it is required to increase the FFA level in the diet. Moderate levels of FFA improve conversion, energy efficiency and egg mass. There is no need to increase the FFA level to increase egg weight.
Laying hens requires a daily supply of lipids through the diet to produce an egg. Lipids are composed of fatty acids. Linoleic fatty acid (FFA) is an essential fatty acid that the hen cannot synthesize and must be provided through the diet. It is necessary to re-evaluate whether increasing the FFA level can affect the productive response and egg quality of laying hens. OBJECTIVE: to determine the effect of different dietary FFA levels on the productive indices and egg quality of laying hens. METHODS: 60 laying hens of the LOHMANN Brown genetic line of 75 weeks of age were used. Three treatments were applied: 1.48% FFA (T-1), 1.98% FFA (T-2) and 2.48% FFA (T-3). The treatments were randomly assigned following the guidelines of the randomized complete block design. Each treatment had 5 replications, giving a total of 1 experimental unit. The productive indicators were egg production, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, energy efficiency, egg weight and egg mass. The egg quality traits: Haugh unit, yolk index, relative yolk weight, yolk color, shell thickness, specific gravity, shell index, shell breaking strength, relative shell weight and shell color. RESULTS: Egg production and relative yolk weight were higher (P<0.05) as the FFA level increased. Conversion, energy efficiency, egg mass were higher (P<0.05) with the 1.98% FFA level. Egg weight was higher with the low FFA levels (1.48 and 1.98%). CONCLUSION: To improve egg production, it is required to increase the FFA level in the diet. Moderate levels of FFA improve conversion, energy efficiency and egg mass. There is no need to increase the FFA level to increase egg weight.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Ácido linoleico, Dieta, Índices productivos, Gallinas de postura, Huevo, Laying hens