Fotoeducación para promover conductas de protección solar en pobladores del Caserío de Chulpaca - Ica, 2024
Fecha
2025
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga
Resumen
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto de una intervención de fotoeducación
en la promoción de conductas de protección solar en los pobladores del Caserío de Chulpaca-Ica
en 2024. La investigación, de tipo cuantitativa y nivel descriptivo-explicativo, empleó un diseño
preexperimental en el cual se aplicó un programa de fotoeducación seguido de una evaluación
post-test para medir los cambios en conocimiento, actitudes y prácticas relacionadas con la
protección solar. La muestra estuvo conformada por 100 participantes mayores de edad,
excluyéndose a aquellos que no residían en el caserío, menores de edad, y personas con problemas
mentales o que no firmaron el consentimiento informado. Los resultados mostraron un cambio
significativo tras la intervención. Antes de la fotoeducación, el 93% de los participantes tenía un
conocimiento "deficiente" en conductas de protección solar, mientras que solo un 7% mostró un
nivel "regular" y ninguno "bueno". Después de la intervención, el 80% de los participantes
alcanzó un nivel "bueno" de conocimiento, y el 20% restante fue clasificado en "regular". En
cuanto a las actitudes, inicialmente el 84% tenía actitudes "deficientes" y el 16% "regulares"; sin
embargo, en el post-test, el 75% mostró actitudes "buenas" y el 25% "regulares". Las prácticas
también mejoraron: el 71% de los participantes alcanzó un nivel "bueno" y el 29% "regular".
Conclusión: La fotoeducación demostró ser una estrategia eficaz para mejorar significativamente
las conductas de protección solar en la población estudiada, favoreciendo la adopción de prácticas
preventivas ante la exposición solar.
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a photoeducation intervention in the promotion of sun protection behaviors in the residents of the Caserío de Chulpaca-Ica in 2024. The research, of a quantitative type and descriptive-explanatory level, used a pre-experimental design in which a photoeducation program was applied followed by a post-test evaluation to measure changes in knowledge, attitudes and practices related to sun protection. The sample was made up of 100 participants of legal age, excluding those who did not reside in the village, minors, and people with mental problems or who did not sign the informed consent. The results showed a significant change after the intervention. Before photoeducation, 93% of the participants had "poor" knowledge of sun protection behaviors, while only 7% showed a "fair" level and none of them had a "good" level. After the intervention, 80% of the participants reached a "good" level of knowledge, and the remaining 20% were classified as "fair." Regarding attitudes, initially 84% had "poor" attitudes and 16% had "regular" attitudes; However, in the post-test, 75% showed "good" attitudes and 25% "fair" attitudes. Practices also improved: 71% of participants reached a "good" level and 29% "fair." Conclusion: Photoeducation proved to be an effective strategy to significantly improve sun protection behaviors in the population studied, favoring the adoption of preventive practices against sun exposure.
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a photoeducation intervention in the promotion of sun protection behaviors in the residents of the Caserío de Chulpaca-Ica in 2024. The research, of a quantitative type and descriptive-explanatory level, used a pre-experimental design in which a photoeducation program was applied followed by a post-test evaluation to measure changes in knowledge, attitudes and practices related to sun protection. The sample was made up of 100 participants of legal age, excluding those who did not reside in the village, minors, and people with mental problems or who did not sign the informed consent. The results showed a significant change after the intervention. Before photoeducation, 93% of the participants had "poor" knowledge of sun protection behaviors, while only 7% showed a "fair" level and none of them had a "good" level. After the intervention, 80% of the participants reached a "good" level of knowledge, and the remaining 20% were classified as "fair." Regarding attitudes, initially 84% had "poor" attitudes and 16% had "regular" attitudes; However, in the post-test, 75% showed "good" attitudes and 25% "fair" attitudes. Practices also improved: 71% of participants reached a "good" level and 29% "fair." Conclusion: Photoeducation proved to be an effective strategy to significantly improve sun protection behaviors in the population studied, favoring the adoption of preventive practices against sun exposure.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Protección solar, Promoción de la salud, Práctica en salud, Sun protection