Factores asociados a la práctica del autoexamen de mamas en mujeres atendidas en el Centro de Salud Santiago, Ica, 2023
Fecha
2025
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga
Resumen
Identificar los factores asociados a la práctica del autoexamen de mamas en mujeres
atendidas en el Centro de Salud Santiago, Ica, 2023.
Metodología: Estudio de nivel descriptivo, de tipo básica, observacional, prospectivo y de corte
transversal; de diseño no experimental.
Resultados: 57% se han practicado el autoexamen de mamas; factores personales: edad, 66,7%
tienen entre 30 a 49 años; estado civil, 53,8% convivientes; educación: 76,3% tienen secundaria
completa; 61,3% no tienen antecedentes familiares de cáncer; factores psicológicos: 44,1% no
tienen miedo a exponer sus mamas; 57% tienen miedo de detectar algún tumor; 78,5% tienen
vergüenza a tocar sus mamas; 58,1% tienen preocupación por no saber cómo hacer el autoexamen;
83,9% sus creencias religiosas no prohíben tocar su cuerpo; factores culturales: 20,4% la
alimentación basada en grasas y carnes rojas aumenta el riesgo de cáncer de mamas; 40,9% la
obesidad aumenta el riesgo; 37,6% la falta de actividad física aumenta el riesgo; 47,3% los
anticonceptivos orales aumentan el riesgo; 59,1% el fumar cigarrillos aumenta el riesgo; factores
cognitivos: 75,2% hacerse el autoexamen de mamas es prevención; 97,8% la mujer que no tiene
hijos debe realizarse el autoexamen de mamas; 21,5% la frecuencia de realizar el autoexamen de
mamas es cada mes; 96,8% la mujer que tiene familiares con cáncer de mama debe realizarse el
autoexamen de mamas.
Conclusiones: Los factores personales, psicológicos, culturales y cognitivos se encuentran
asociados a la práctica del autoexamen de mamas en mujeres atendidas en el Centro de Salud
Santiago.
Identify the factors associated with the practice of breast self-examination in women treated at the Santiago Health Center, Ica, 2023. Methodology: Descriptive level study, basic, observational, prospective and cross-sectional; nonexperimental design. Results: 57% have performed breast self-examination; personal factors: age, 66.7% are between 30 and 49 years old; marital status, 53.8% cohabiting; education: 76.3% have completed secondary school; 61.3% have no family history of cancer; psychological factors: 44.1% are not afraid of exposing their breasts; 57% are afraid of detecting a tumor; 78.5% are ashamed to touch their breasts; 58.1% are worried about not knowing how to do the self-examination; 83.9% their religious beliefs do not prohibit touching their body; cultural factors: 20.4% a diet based on fats and red meat increases the risk of breast cancer; 40.9% obesity increases the risk; 37.6% lack of physical activity increases the risk; 47.3% oral contraceptives increase the risk; 59.1% cigarette smoking increases the risk; cognitive factors: 75.2% doing breast self-examination is prevention; 97.8% of women who do not have children should perform a breast self-examination; 21.5% perform breast self-examination every month; 96.8% of women who have family members with breast cancer should perform a breast self-examination. Conclusions: Personal, psychological, cultural and cognitive factors are associated with the practice of breast self-examination in women treated at the Santiago Health Center.
Identify the factors associated with the practice of breast self-examination in women treated at the Santiago Health Center, Ica, 2023. Methodology: Descriptive level study, basic, observational, prospective and cross-sectional; nonexperimental design. Results: 57% have performed breast self-examination; personal factors: age, 66.7% are between 30 and 49 years old; marital status, 53.8% cohabiting; education: 76.3% have completed secondary school; 61.3% have no family history of cancer; psychological factors: 44.1% are not afraid of exposing their breasts; 57% are afraid of detecting a tumor; 78.5% are ashamed to touch their breasts; 58.1% are worried about not knowing how to do the self-examination; 83.9% their religious beliefs do not prohibit touching their body; cultural factors: 20.4% a diet based on fats and red meat increases the risk of breast cancer; 40.9% obesity increases the risk; 37.6% lack of physical activity increases the risk; 47.3% oral contraceptives increase the risk; 59.1% cigarette smoking increases the risk; cognitive factors: 75.2% doing breast self-examination is prevention; 97.8% of women who do not have children should perform a breast self-examination; 21.5% perform breast self-examination every month; 96.8% of women who have family members with breast cancer should perform a breast self-examination. Conclusions: Personal, psychological, cultural and cognitive factors are associated with the practice of breast self-examination in women treated at the Santiago Health Center.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Autoexamen de mamas, Cáncer de mamas, Prevención primaria, Factores asociados, Breast self-examination