Prevalencia y características de la automedicación responsable en estudiantes de ciencias de la salud.
Fecha
2025
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga
Resumen
El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la prevalencia y características de la automedicación
responsable en estudiantes de Ciencias de la Salud. Se utilizó una estrategia metodológica de tipo
cuantitativa, observacional y descriptiva, con un diseño no experimental y transversal. La muestra
estuvo conformada por estudiantes de Medicina Humana, Enfermería y Estomatología de una
universidad privada de Ica. La técnica empleada fue la encuesta virtual, mediante un cuestionario
desarrollado en Google Forms. Tras la coordinación y explicación de los objetivos del estudio, el
enlace fue distribuido a través de la red social WhatsApp.
Los resultados mostraron que el 55.7% de los participantes fueron de sexo femenino y el 44.3%
masculino. La edad media fue de 21 años, siendo también la mediana de 21 años. Los principales
medicamentos de venta libre utilizados fueron el paracetamol (40.3%), naproxeno y el
antiespasmódico Plidan©. Los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos fueron mencionados por el 88.8%
de quienes se automedican (25.7%). También destacaron los antigripales y antiácidos. La
prevalencia general de automedicación fue del 88.6%, y la prevalencia de automedicación
responsable fue del 64.5%. La mayoría de los estudiantes (58.1%) adquiere sus medicamentos en
establecimientos farmacéuticos, principalmente farmacias. La razón más frecuente para
automedicarse fue: “Porque confío en que lo que tomo no va a hacerme mal” (33.9%). Asimismo,
el 66.2% declaró haber recibido recomendaciones de profesionales de la salud, destacando al
químico farmacéutico (35.5%).
The objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence and characteristics of responsible self-medication among Health Sciences students. A quantitative, observational, and descriptive methodological strategy was used, with a non experimental and cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of students from the Medicine, Nursing, and Dentistry programs at a private university in Ica. The data collection technique was a virtual survey, using a questionnaire developed in Google Forms. After coordinating and explaining the purpose of the study, the link was distributed via the WhatsApp messaging platform. The results showed that 55.7% of participants were female and 44.3% male. The average age was 21 years, with a median of 21 years as well. The most commonly used over-the counter medications were paracetamol (40.3%), naproxen, and the antispasmodic Plidan©. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were mentioned by 88.8% of those who self-medicate (25.7%). Other frequently used groups included cold medications and antacids. The overall prevalence of self-medication was 88.6%, and the prevalence of responsible self-medication was 64.5%. Most students (58.1%) obtained their medications from pharmaceutical establishments, mainly pharmacies. The most common reason for self-medicating was: “Because I trust that what I take will not harm me” (33.9%). Additionally, 66.2% reported receiving advice from healthcare professionals, with pharmacists being the most consulted (35.5%).
The objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence and characteristics of responsible self-medication among Health Sciences students. A quantitative, observational, and descriptive methodological strategy was used, with a non experimental and cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of students from the Medicine, Nursing, and Dentistry programs at a private university in Ica. The data collection technique was a virtual survey, using a questionnaire developed in Google Forms. After coordinating and explaining the purpose of the study, the link was distributed via the WhatsApp messaging platform. The results showed that 55.7% of participants were female and 44.3% male. The average age was 21 years, with a median of 21 years as well. The most commonly used over-the counter medications were paracetamol (40.3%), naproxen, and the antispasmodic Plidan©. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were mentioned by 88.8% of those who self-medicate (25.7%). Other frequently used groups included cold medications and antacids. The overall prevalence of self-medication was 88.6%, and the prevalence of responsible self-medication was 64.5%. Most students (58.1%) obtained their medications from pharmaceutical establishments, mainly pharmacies. The most common reason for self-medicating was: “Because I trust that what I take will not harm me” (33.9%). Additionally, 66.2% reported receiving advice from healthcare professionals, with pharmacists being the most consulted (35.5%).
Descripción
Palabras clave
Automedicación responsable, Universidad, Estudiantes, Salud, responsible self-medication