Determinación de anemia nutricional en adultos mayores con sobrepeso u obesidad atendidos en el Centro de Salud CLAS San Andrés - Pisco 2024
Fecha
2024
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga
Resumen
La anemia y obesidad son problemas de salud pública a nivel mundial. El objetivo de la
investigación fue determinar la prevalencia de anemia nutricional en adultos mayores con
sobrepeso y obesidad atendidos en el Centro de Salud CLAS San Andrés - Pisco 2024.
Metodología: Es un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal, correlacional, con una
muestra de 79 adultos mayores (AM) de ambos sexos. Se tomo medidas antropométricas para
determinar mediante la fórmula de Quetelet el sobrepeso y obesidad. Para determinar los grados
de anemia se utilizó el método colorimétrico de la cinomethahemoglobina. Resultados: El 36,7%
presentan sobrepeso, 32,9% obesidad I, y 30,4% obesidad II, el sexo femenino presenta los
mayores porcentajes de obesidad y sobrepeso. Existe una prevalencia significativa de anemia
nutricional del 71% (anemia leve 38,0%, anemia moderada 16,5% y severa 16,5%), el sexo
femenino presenta mayor porcentaje de anemia. El 21,5% de AM con sobrepeso presentan
anemia. La presencia de anemia leve, moderada y severa es significativa en los adultos mayores
que presentan obesidad. Existe una relación significativa entre los grados de anemia y el Índice
de Masa Corporal (p < 0.05). Conclusión: Se concluyó que la mayoría de los adultos mayores
con sobrepeso y obesidad presentaron mayor porcentaje de anemia leve.
Anemia and obesity are public health problems worldwide. The objective of the research was to determine the prevalence of nutritional anemia in overweight and obese older adults treated at the CLAS San Andrés Health Center - Pisco 2024. Methodology: It is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational study, with a sample of 79 older adults (AM) of both sexes. Anthropometric measurements were taken to determine overweight and obesity using Quetelet's formula. To determine the degrees of anemia, the cynomethahemoglobin colorimetric method was used. Results: 36.7% are overweight, 32.9% are obese I, and 30.4% are obese II, females have the highest percentages of obesity and overweight. There is a significant prevalence of nutritional anemia of 71% (mild anemia 38.0%, moderate anemia 16.5% and severe 16.5%), females have a higher percentage of anemia. 21.5% of overweight MA have anemia. The presence of mild, moderate and severe anemia is significant in older adults who are obese. There is a significant relationship between the degrees of anemia and the Body Mass Index (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded that the majority of overweight and obese older adults had a higher percentage of mild anemia.
Anemia and obesity are public health problems worldwide. The objective of the research was to determine the prevalence of nutritional anemia in overweight and obese older adults treated at the CLAS San Andrés Health Center - Pisco 2024. Methodology: It is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational study, with a sample of 79 older adults (AM) of both sexes. Anthropometric measurements were taken to determine overweight and obesity using Quetelet's formula. To determine the degrees of anemia, the cynomethahemoglobin colorimetric method was used. Results: 36.7% are overweight, 32.9% are obese I, and 30.4% are obese II, females have the highest percentages of obesity and overweight. There is a significant prevalence of nutritional anemia of 71% (mild anemia 38.0%, moderate anemia 16.5% and severe 16.5%), females have a higher percentage of anemia. 21.5% of overweight MA have anemia. The presence of mild, moderate and severe anemia is significant in older adults who are obese. There is a significant relationship between the degrees of anemia and the Body Mass Index (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded that the majority of overweight and obese older adults had a higher percentage of mild anemia.
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Palabras clave
Adultos mayores, Sobrepeso, Obesidad, Anemia, Overweight