Determinación de flavonoides y actividad antioxidante del extracto etanólico de tallos y hojas de Alternanthera lanceolata Schinz “Sanguinaria”
Fecha
2025
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga
Resumen
Actualmente el empleo de sustancias antioxidantes cobra gran importancia en relación a la
prevención o progresión de enfermedades, existen especies vegetales con este tipo de actividad,
entre ellas la especie Alternanthera lanceolata Schinz “Sanguinaria”, ya que es una planta
utilizada para diversas afecciones y se le atribuyen propiedades antioxidantes. El objetivo del
presente trabajo de investigación es determinar la presencia de flavonoides y actividad
antioxidante del extracto etanólico de tallos y hojas de Alternanthera lanceolata Schinz
“Sanguinaria”, debido a que son compuestos relacionados con este tipo de función. Los
materiales y métodos empleados fueron el extracto seco de la especie vegetal obtenida por
maceración con etanol al 96° como solvente. La presencia de flavonoides se identificó por método
espectrofotométrico, mientras la actividad antioxidante se reconoció por dos técnicas como; la
inhibición frente al radical libre 2,2-Difenil-1-picrilhidraizil (DPPH) y la reducción cúprica de
Cu2+ a Cu 1+ (CUPRAC). Obteniendo que 1mM de flavonoides expresados como quercetina es
equivalente a 2,74 mg del extracto, además se identificó que 1mM de trolox se relaciona a 1,76
por mg de extracto mediante el método CUPRAC, de la misma forma se obtuvo que 1mM de
trolox es semejante a 5,06 mg de extracto por el método DPPH. concluyendo que hay presencia
de compuestos flavonoides y actividad antioxidante en concentraciones significativas, así como
presencia de componentes fitoquímicos como flavonoides, grupos fenólicos libres, tripertenoides
y/o esteroides, leucoantocianidinas y catequinas, metabolitos secundarios relacionados con
actividad antioxidante.
Currently, the use of antioxidant substances is of great importance in relation to the prevention or progression of diseases, there are plant species with this type of activity, among them the species Alternanthera lanceolata Schinz “Sanguinaria”, since it is a plant used for various conditions and antioxidant properties are attributed to it. The objective of the present research work is to determine the presence of flavonoids and antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract of stems and leaves of Alternanthera lanceolata Schinz “Sanguinaria”, because they are compounds related to this type of function. The materials and methods used were the dry extract of the plant species obtained by maceration with 96° ethanol as solvent. The presence of flavonoids was identified by spectrophotometric method, while the antioxidant activity was recognized by two techniques such as; inhibition against the free radical 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and cupric reduction of Cu2+ to Cu 1+ (CUPRAC). Obtaining that 1mM of flavonoids expressed as quercetin is equivalent to 2.74 mg of the extract, it was also identified that 1mM of Trolox is related to 1.76 per mg of extract by the CUPRAC method, in the same way it was obtained that 1mM of trolox is similar to 5.06 mg of extract by the DPPH method, concluding that there is presence of flavonoid compounds and antioxidant activity in significant concentrations, as well as the presence of phytochemical components such as flavonoids, free phenolic groups, tripertenoids and/or steroids, leucoanthocyanidins and catechins, secondary metabolites related to antioxidant activity.
Currently, the use of antioxidant substances is of great importance in relation to the prevention or progression of diseases, there are plant species with this type of activity, among them the species Alternanthera lanceolata Schinz “Sanguinaria”, since it is a plant used for various conditions and antioxidant properties are attributed to it. The objective of the present research work is to determine the presence of flavonoids and antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract of stems and leaves of Alternanthera lanceolata Schinz “Sanguinaria”, because they are compounds related to this type of function. The materials and methods used were the dry extract of the plant species obtained by maceration with 96° ethanol as solvent. The presence of flavonoids was identified by spectrophotometric method, while the antioxidant activity was recognized by two techniques such as; inhibition against the free radical 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and cupric reduction of Cu2+ to Cu 1+ (CUPRAC). Obtaining that 1mM of flavonoids expressed as quercetin is equivalent to 2.74 mg of the extract, it was also identified that 1mM of Trolox is related to 1.76 per mg of extract by the CUPRAC method, in the same way it was obtained that 1mM of trolox is similar to 5.06 mg of extract by the DPPH method, concluding that there is presence of flavonoid compounds and antioxidant activity in significant concentrations, as well as the presence of phytochemical components such as flavonoids, free phenolic groups, tripertenoids and/or steroids, leucoanthocyanidins and catechins, secondary metabolites related to antioxidant activity.
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Palabras clave
Extracto etanólico, Actividad antioxidante, Componente fitoquímico, Antioxidant activity