Reducción del nivel de calcio en la dieta sobre la respuesta productiva de pollitos en la fase inicial
Fecha
2024
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga
Resumen
En la introducción los pollos de engorde actuales tienen un buen rendimiento y una mejor
eficiencia alimenticia, sin embargo, hay algunos nutrientes como el calcio que requiere ser
reevaluado para optimizar el nivel adecuado en la dieta, especialmente en la fase inicial donde
hay una alta intensidad del crecimiento y desarrollo óseo, si bien hay recomendaciones técnicas,
existe alguna información que un exceso de calcio podría afectar la respuesta productiva de los
pollos de engorde. Para el presente estudio se planteamos la hipótesis que la reducción del nivel
de calcio total en la dieta no afecta la respuesta productiva y contenido de ceniza ósea de pollitos
de engorde macho en la fase inicial de 0 a 21 días de edad. OBJETIVO: Para probar esta hipótesis
se realizó el estudio con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto de la reducción del nivel de calcio en la
dieta sobre la respuesta productiva, peso relativo de órganos, contenido de ceniza ósea y margen
sobre costo de alimentación de pollitos de engorde macho en la fase inicial de 0 a 21 días de edad.
En el métodos se utilizaron 84 pollitos de engorde de la línea genética COBB 500 recién nacido
de sexo macho. Se establecieron 3 dietas con tres niveles de calcio total: 0.76%/0.60% (T-1),
0.86%/0.70% (T-2) y 0.96%/0.80% (T-3) para los periodos de 0 a 14 días y de 14 a 21 días de
edad. Los tratamientos fueron distribuidos aleatoriamente bajo un diseño de bloques
completamente al azar. Cada uno de los tratamientos tuvo 4 repeticiones, dando un total de 12
unidades experimentales. Se evaluaron las variables de peso vivo, ganancia de peso, consumo de
alimento, conversión alimenticia, relación de eficiencia proteica, conversión calórica, peso
relativo de órganos, contenido de ceniza de tibia, costo de alimentación, margen y retribución
económica los resultados se encontró una mejora significativa del peso vivo y ganancia de peso
a los 7 días con el nivel de 0.86% de calcio. Un mayor consumo de alimento en el periodo de 7 a
14 días y un mejor costo y retribución económica con el nivel de 0.86%. en conclusión se concluye
que la reducción del nivel de calcio (0.86%) en la dieta mantiene la respuesta productiva y mejora
el costo de alimentación y margen sobre dicho costo.
Current broilers have good performance and better feed efficiency, however, there are some nutrients such as calcium that require reevaluation to optimize the adequate level in the diet, especially in the initial phase where there is a high intensity of the bone growth and development, although there are technical recommendations, there is some information that an excess of calcium could affect the productive response of broiler chickens. For the present study, we hypothesize that reducing the level of total calcium in the diet does not affect the productive response and bone ash content of male broiler chicks in the initial phase from 0 to 21 days of age. OBJECTIVE: To test this hypothesis, the study was carried out with the objective of evaluating the effect of reducing the level of calcium in the diet on the productive response, relative weight of organs, bone ash content and margin on feeding cost of chicks. male fattening in the initial phase from 0 to 21 days of age. METHODS: 84 newborn male broiler chicks from the COBB 500 genetic line were used. 3 diets were established with three levels of total calcium: 0.76%/0.60% (T-1), 0.86%/0.70% (T-2) and 0.96%/0.80% (T-3) for periods from 0 to 14 days and 14 to 21 days old. The treatments were randomly distributed under a completely randomized block design. Each of the treatments had 4 repetitions, giving a total of 12 experimental units. The variables of live weight, weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion, protein efficiency ratio, caloric conversion, relative organ weight, tibia ash content, feed cost, margin and economic remuneration were evaluated RESULTS: it was found a significant improvement in live weight and weight gain after 7 days with the 0.86% calcium level. Greater food consumption in the period from 7 to 14 days and a better cost and economic remuneration with the level of 0.86%. CONCLUSION: it is concluded that reducing the level of calcium (0.86%) in the diet maintains the productive response and improves the cost of feeding and the margin on said cost.
Current broilers have good performance and better feed efficiency, however, there are some nutrients such as calcium that require reevaluation to optimize the adequate level in the diet, especially in the initial phase where there is a high intensity of the bone growth and development, although there are technical recommendations, there is some information that an excess of calcium could affect the productive response of broiler chickens. For the present study, we hypothesize that reducing the level of total calcium in the diet does not affect the productive response and bone ash content of male broiler chicks in the initial phase from 0 to 21 days of age. OBJECTIVE: To test this hypothesis, the study was carried out with the objective of evaluating the effect of reducing the level of calcium in the diet on the productive response, relative weight of organs, bone ash content and margin on feeding cost of chicks. male fattening in the initial phase from 0 to 21 days of age. METHODS: 84 newborn male broiler chicks from the COBB 500 genetic line were used. 3 diets were established with three levels of total calcium: 0.76%/0.60% (T-1), 0.86%/0.70% (T-2) and 0.96%/0.80% (T-3) for periods from 0 to 14 days and 14 to 21 days old. The treatments were randomly distributed under a completely randomized block design. Each of the treatments had 4 repetitions, giving a total of 12 experimental units. The variables of live weight, weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion, protein efficiency ratio, caloric conversion, relative organ weight, tibia ash content, feed cost, margin and economic remuneration were evaluated RESULTS: it was found a significant improvement in live weight and weight gain after 7 days with the 0.86% calcium level. Greater food consumption in the period from 7 to 14 days and a better cost and economic remuneration with the level of 0.86%. CONCLUSION: it is concluded that reducing the level of calcium (0.86%) in the diet maintains the productive response and improves the cost of feeding and the margin on said cost.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Pollitos, Calcio, Peso vivo, Diet