Empatía y estresores de la práctica clínica, en internos de enfermería de la universidad pública de Ica, 2024.
Fecha
2025
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga
Resumen
Las prácticas clínicas demandan una gran dedicación asistencial, por ello los internos de
enfermería están propensos a sufrir estrés por sobrecarga, sufrimiento del paciente o la falta de
competencias, el cual puede impactar en su empatía hacia el paciente. Objetivo: Determinar la
relación entre la empatía y los estresores de la práctica clínica, en internos de enfermería de la
universidad pública de Ica, 2024. Material y métodos: Estudio cuantitativo – transeccional,
correlacional y no experimental, participando 104 internos mediante encuesta e instrumentos
validados en Perú. Resultados: La empatía fue de nivel alto 72.1%, al igual que las dimensiones
toma de perspectiva 83.7%, cuidado con compasión 73.1% y capacidad para ponerse en lugar del
paciente 41.3%. Los estresores de la práctica clínica fueron de nivel medio 61.5%, según
dimensiones predominó el nivel medio en falta de competencia 63.5%, contacto con sufrimiento
75.0%, impotencia e incertidumbre 69.2% y sobrecarga 59.5%, predominando el nivel bajo en
relación inadecuada con tutores o profesionales 46.2%. Se comprobó la relación entre variables
(p=0.000) evidenciándose que el nivel bajo de empatía predominaba en internos con altos niveles
de estresores de la práctica clínica (10.6%). De igual forma se halló relación entre la empatía con
la falta de competencia (p=0.000), contacto con sufrimiento (p=0.000), impotencia e
incertidumbre (p=0.004) y sobrecarga (p=0.000). Conclusiones: Existe relación significativa
entre la empatía y los estresores de la práctica clínica, en internos de enfermería de la universidad
pública de Ica, 2024.
Clinical practices demand a great dedication to care, therefore nursing interns are prone to suffer stress due to overload, patient suffering or lack of skills, which can impact their empathy towards the patient. Objective: To determine the relationship between empathy and the stressors of clinical practice, in nursing interns from the public university of Ica, 2024. Material and methods: Quantitative study - cross-sectional, correlational and non-experimental, with the participation of 104 interns through a survey and instruments validated in Peru. Results: Empathy was high 72.1%, as were the dimensions perspective taking 83.7%, care with compassion 73.1% and the ability to put oneself in the patient's place 41.3%. The clinical practice stressors were of medium level 61.5%, according to dimensions the medium level predominated in lack of competence 63.5%, contact with suffering 75.0%, helplessness and uncertainty 69.2% and overload 59.5%, predominating the low level in inadequate relationship with tutors or professionals 46.2%. The relationship between variables was verified (p = 0.000) showing that the low level of empathy predominated in interns with high levels of clinical practice stressors (10.6%). Likewise, a relationship was found between empathy with lack of competence (p=0.000), contact with suffering (p = 0.000), helplessness and uncertainty (p = 0.004) and overload (p=0.000). Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between empathy and clinical practice stressors in nursing interns at the public university of Ica, 2024.
Clinical practices demand a great dedication to care, therefore nursing interns are prone to suffer stress due to overload, patient suffering or lack of skills, which can impact their empathy towards the patient. Objective: To determine the relationship between empathy and the stressors of clinical practice, in nursing interns from the public university of Ica, 2024. Material and methods: Quantitative study - cross-sectional, correlational and non-experimental, with the participation of 104 interns through a survey and instruments validated in Peru. Results: Empathy was high 72.1%, as were the dimensions perspective taking 83.7%, care with compassion 73.1% and the ability to put oneself in the patient's place 41.3%. The clinical practice stressors were of medium level 61.5%, according to dimensions the medium level predominated in lack of competence 63.5%, contact with suffering 75.0%, helplessness and uncertainty 69.2% and overload 59.5%, predominating the low level in inadequate relationship with tutors or professionals 46.2%. The relationship between variables was verified (p = 0.000) showing that the low level of empathy predominated in interns with high levels of clinical practice stressors (10.6%). Likewise, a relationship was found between empathy with lack of competence (p=0.000), contact with suffering (p = 0.000), helplessness and uncertainty (p = 0.004) and overload (p=0.000). Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between empathy and clinical practice stressors in nursing interns at the public university of Ica, 2024.
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Palabras clave
Empatía, Estresores, Prácticas clínicas, Internos, Enfermería, Empathy