Factores de riesgo que influyen en la violencia contra la mujer en la provincia de Ica, en el periodo 2022

Abstract

Tiene como objetivo establecer la relación entre factores de riesgo y violencia contra la mujer, provincia de Ica, 2022. Se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo con diseño no experimental, correlacional y transversal La muestra de 285 mujeres, elegidas mediante una muestra por conveniencia no probabilística, empleando como técnica la encuesta a través de un cuestionario validado por juicio de expertos y la fiabilidad se comprobó mediante el alfa de Cronbach, obteniendo 0,823 para factores de riesgo y 0,793 en violencia contra la mujer. Los resultados revelaron que el 47% de las encuestadas tenían entre 34 - 40 años, el 51,6% convivían, 81,1% únicamente cursaron estudios primarios y secundarios, 55,1% eran amas de casa, el 48,8% de los hogares tenían ingresos mensuales de menos de S/900. Un valor p de 0,000, mostró una asociación significativa (Rho de Spearman = 0,754**) entre las variables de riesgo y la violencia contra las mujeres, lo que respaldó la hipótesis del investigador. Asimismo, el hallazgo de fuertes correlaciones positivas entre los factores personales (Rho = 0,743**), familiares (Rho = 0,704**), sociales (Rho = 0,742**), económicos (Rho = 0,840**) y culturales (Rho = 0,706**) confirmó que las variables de riesgo más elevadas están asociadas a un mayor índice de la violencia contra las mujeres. Se concluye que los resultados obtenidos apoyan la hipótesis de que los factores de riesgo, ya sean personales, familiares, sociales, económicos o culturales, tienen relación directa y significativa con la violencia contra la mujer, Ica, 2022

The objective of this research was to establish the relationship between risk factors and violence against women in the province of Ica, 2022. A quantitative approach with a non-experimental, correlational, and cross-sectional design was employed. The sample consisted of 285 women, selected using a non-probabilistic convenience sample, and data were collected using a survey technique with a questionnaire validated by expert judgment. The reliability of the instrument was verified through Cronbach's alpha, with a value of 0.823 for risk factors and 0.793 for violence against women. The results showed that 47% of the respondents were between 34 and 40 years old, 51.6% lived with their partner, 81.1% had only completed primary and secondary education, 55.1% were housewives, and 48.8% of households had monthly incomes below S/900. The data analysis revealed a significant association between the risk factors and violence against women, with a p-value of 0.000 and a Spearman coefficient of 0.754**, supporting the investigator's hypothesis. Additionally, strong positive correlations were found between the personal (Rho = 0.743**), family (Rho = 0.704**), social (Rho = 0.742**), economic (Rho = 0.840**), and cultural (Rho = 0.706**) risk factors, confirming that higher risks in these areas are associated with higher levels of violence against women. The results conclude that the findings support the hypothesis that risk factors, whether personal, family, social, economic, or cultural, have a direct and significant relationship with violence against women in the province of Ica, 2022.