Errores en el aprendizaje del álgebra y rendimiento académico en estudiantes del tercer grado de educación secundaria del colegio “38482 Santo Domingo” de Huancaraylla, Ayacucho, 2024.
Fecha
2024
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga.
Resumen
El presente estudio tiene como objetivo principal determinar la relación entre los errores en el aprendizaje del álgebra y el rendimiento académico en estudiantes de tercer grado de secundaria del colegio "38482 Santo Domingo", ubicado en Huancaraylla, Ayacucho. Para ello, se adoptó una metodología de investigación de tipo básica, con un nivel descriptivo y correlacional, y un diseño no experimental de corte transversal. Este enfoque permitió analizar las variables en un momento específico, sin intervenir en el contexto natural de los estudiantes.
La muestra del estudio estuvo conformada por 12 estudiantes, seleccionados de acuerdo con criterios de accesibilidad y representatividad. Para la recolección de datos, se empleó la técnica de encuesta, utilizando un cuestionario elaborado específicamente para medir las variables en estudio: los errores en el aprendizaje del álgebra y el rendimiento académico. Este instrumento fue diseñado con el fin de captar de manera precisa las dificultades que enfrentan los estudiantes en el dominio de los conceptos algebraicos, así como su impacto en el desempeño académico.
Los resultados obtenidos revelaron que la mayoría de los estudiantes se encuentra en un nivel bajo de aprendizaje del álgebra, evidenciado por el hecho de que el 91.7% de los participantes se ubicó en el nivel de "Inicio". Este dato refleja una prevalencia significativa de errores básicos y dificultades en la comprensión de los conceptos fundamentales del álgebra, lo que sugiere una carencia en las bases necesarias para avanzar en esta disciplina.
En cuanto al análisis inferencial, se identificó una correlación negativa moderada y estadísticamente significativa entre los errores en el aprendizaje del álgebra y el rendimiento académico (rho = -0.674, p < 0.05). Este hallazgo indica que existe una relación inversa entre ambas variables: a medida que aumentan los errores en el aprendizaje del álgebra, el rendimiento académico tiende a disminuir. Esta correlación sugiere que los errores en el álgebra tienen un impacto directo y negativo en el desempeño académico de los estudiantes, lo que resalta la importancia de abordar estas dificultades para mejorar los resultados educativos.
Los resultados del estudio permiten afirmar que existe una relación significativa entre los errores en el aprendizaje del álgebra y el rendimiento académico en los estudiantes de tercer grado de secundaria del colegio "38482 Santo Domingo" de Huancaraylla, Ayacucho. Estos hallazgos subrayan la necesidad de implementar estrategias pedagógicas específicas para fortalecer las bases
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del álgebra, reducir los errores comunes y, en consecuencia, mejorar el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes. Además, se sugiere la realización de estudios adicionales que profundicen en los factores que contribuyen a estas dificultades, con el fin de diseñar intervenciones más efectivas y contextualizadas.
The present study has as its main objective to determine the relationship between errors in learning algebra and academic performance in third-grade secondary students at the school "38482 Santo Domingo", located in Huancaraylla, Ayacucho. To achieve this, a basic research methodology was adopted, with a descriptive and correlational level, and a non-experimental, cross-sectional design. This approach allowed for the analysis of variables at a specific moment, without intervening in the natural context of the students. The sample of the study consisted of 12 students, selected based on accessibility and representativeness criteria. For data collection, the survey technique was used, employing a questionnaire specifically designed to measure the variables under study: errors in learning algebra and academic performance. This instrument was created to accurately capture the difficulties students face in mastering algebraic concepts, as well as their impact on academic performance. The results revealed that the majority of students are at a low level of algebra learning, evidenced by the fact that 91.7% of participants were placed at the "Beginning" level. This data reflects a significant prevalence of basic errors and difficulties in understanding fundamental algebraic concepts, suggesting a lack of the necessary foundation to advance in this discipline. Regarding the inferential analysis, a moderate and statistically significant negative correlation was identified between errors in learning algebra and academic performance (rho = -0.674, p < 0.05). This finding indicates an inverse relationship between the two variables: as errors in learning algebra increase, academic performance tends to decrease. This correlation suggests that errors in algebra have a direct and negative impact on students' academic performance, highlighting the importance of addressing these difficulties to improve educational outcomes. The results of the study confirm that there is a significant relationship between errors in learning algebra and academic performance among third-grade secondary students at the "38482 Santo Domingo" school in Huancaraylla, Ayacucho. These findings underscore the need to implement specific pedagogical strategies to strengthen the foundations of algebra, reduce common errors, and, consequently, improve students' academic performance.
The present study has as its main objective to determine the relationship between errors in learning algebra and academic performance in third-grade secondary students at the school "38482 Santo Domingo", located in Huancaraylla, Ayacucho. To achieve this, a basic research methodology was adopted, with a descriptive and correlational level, and a non-experimental, cross-sectional design. This approach allowed for the analysis of variables at a specific moment, without intervening in the natural context of the students. The sample of the study consisted of 12 students, selected based on accessibility and representativeness criteria. For data collection, the survey technique was used, employing a questionnaire specifically designed to measure the variables under study: errors in learning algebra and academic performance. This instrument was created to accurately capture the difficulties students face in mastering algebraic concepts, as well as their impact on academic performance. The results revealed that the majority of students are at a low level of algebra learning, evidenced by the fact that 91.7% of participants were placed at the "Beginning" level. This data reflects a significant prevalence of basic errors and difficulties in understanding fundamental algebraic concepts, suggesting a lack of the necessary foundation to advance in this discipline. Regarding the inferential analysis, a moderate and statistically significant negative correlation was identified between errors in learning algebra and academic performance (rho = -0.674, p < 0.05). This finding indicates an inverse relationship between the two variables: as errors in learning algebra increase, academic performance tends to decrease. This correlation suggests that errors in algebra have a direct and negative impact on students' academic performance, highlighting the importance of addressing these difficulties to improve educational outcomes. The results of the study confirm that there is a significant relationship between errors in learning algebra and academic performance among third-grade secondary students at the "38482 Santo Domingo" school in Huancaraylla, Ayacucho. These findings underscore the need to implement specific pedagogical strategies to strengthen the foundations of algebra, reduce common errors, and, consequently, improve students' academic performance.
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Palabras clave
Aprendizaje del algebra, Rendimiento académico, Estudiantes, Algebra learning
