Intervención educativa sobre factores socioambientales en pacientes de una comunidad urbano rural diagnosticado con dengue. Ica – 2024
Fecha
2025
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Editor
Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga.
Resumen
El estudio se enmarca en las variables factores socioambientales vinculados a determinantes de
los elementos sociales y ambientales que inciden sobre la prevalencia de una enfermedad, la cual
viene representada por el dengue que es una infección viral aguda transmitida por el mosquito
Aedes aegypti. Objetivo: Determinar el efecto de una intervención educativa sobre factores
socioambientales en pacientes diagnosticados con dengue en una comunidad urbano rural.
Material y métodos: Investigación cuantitativa, prospectivo, aplicativo y preexperimental
(prueba pre y post test en un solo grupo), con muestra de 50 pacientes, aplicándose la técnica de
encuesta, como instrumento un cuestionario validado en el contexto nacional. Resultados: En el
pretest, el conocimiento sobre el dengue se ubicó en el nivel bajo con un 82.0%, al igual que los
factores ambientales con un 46.0% y los factores socioambientales con 58.0, mientras que la
adopción de las medidas preventivas alcanzó el nivel intermedio con 36.0%. Al conocer los
resultados del post test, se halló una mejora del conocimiento de la enfermedad, posicionándose,
al igual que los factores ambientales con un 62.0% y los factores socioambientales con 74.0,
mientras que la adopción de las medidas preventivas alcanzó el nivel alto con 52.0%. La prueba
estadística de T de Student halló efecto significativo de la intervención educativa en factores
socioambientales, al igual que en las dos dimensiones (p < 0.05). Conclusiones: La intervención
educativa muestra una diferencia significativa sobre sobre los factores socioambientales en
pacientes de una comunidad urbano rural diagnosticados con dengue.
The study focuses on socio-environmental variables linked to determinants of social and environmental elements that influence the prevalence of a disease, represented by dengue, an acute viral infection transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Objective: To determine the effect of an educational intervention on socio-environmental factors in patients diagnosed with dengue in a rural urban community. Materials and methods: Quantitative, prospective, applicative and pre-experimental research (pre- and post-test in a single group), with a sample of 50 patients, applying the survey technique, as an instrument a questionnaire validated in the national context. Results: In the pretest, knowledge about dengue was located at the low level with 82.0%, as well as environmental factors with 46.0% and socio-environmental factors with 58.0, while the adoption of preventive measures reached the intermediate level with 36.0%. The post-test results revealed an improvement in disease knowledge, with environmental factors reaching 62.0% and socio-environmental factors reaching 74.0%. The adoption of preventive measures reached a high level at 52.0%. The Student t-test found a significant effect of the educational intervention on socio-environmental factors, as well as in both dimensions (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The educational intervention showed a significant difference in socio environmental factors in patients diagnosed with dengue in an urban-rural community.
The study focuses on socio-environmental variables linked to determinants of social and environmental elements that influence the prevalence of a disease, represented by dengue, an acute viral infection transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Objective: To determine the effect of an educational intervention on socio-environmental factors in patients diagnosed with dengue in a rural urban community. Materials and methods: Quantitative, prospective, applicative and pre-experimental research (pre- and post-test in a single group), with a sample of 50 patients, applying the survey technique, as an instrument a questionnaire validated in the national context. Results: In the pretest, knowledge about dengue was located at the low level with 82.0%, as well as environmental factors with 46.0% and socio-environmental factors with 58.0, while the adoption of preventive measures reached the intermediate level with 36.0%. The post-test results revealed an improvement in disease knowledge, with environmental factors reaching 62.0% and socio-environmental factors reaching 74.0%. The adoption of preventive measures reached a high level at 52.0%. The Student t-test found a significant effect of the educational intervention on socio-environmental factors, as well as in both dimensions (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The educational intervention showed a significant difference in socio environmental factors in patients diagnosed with dengue in an urban-rural community.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Intervención educativa, Factores socioambientales, Dengue, Disposición de agua, Educational intervention
