Trascendencia del cuidado espiritual en la ansiedad preoperatoria situacional de pacientes quirúrgicos
Fecha
2024
Asesor
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga. Vicerrectorado de Investigación. Instituto de Investigación
Resumen
El cuidado espiritual brindado por los enfermeros se puede considerar como un tratamiento
alternativo eficaz para afrontar la ansiedad preoperatoria.
Determinar la trascendencia
del cuidado espiritual en la ansiedad preoperatoria situacional de pacientes quirúrgicos. Material
y Métodos: Estudio aplicativo, relacional, cuasi experimental, el cual se realizó en un hospital
Público, como estudio intervencionista con grupo aleatorio pretest - postest entre mayo a julio del
2024. Con una muestra de 70 pacientes dividiéndose en: grupo de intervención (n=35), los cuales
recibieron sesión de acompañamiento del cuidado espiritual a través de la oración, lectura bíblica
y el grupo control (n=35) recibió cuidado convencional. La ansiedad fue medido a través del test
de ansiedad de Beck. Sé analizaron los datos con la prueba U de Mann –Whitney. Resultados:
La edad media fue de 41.61, sexo femenino 51.4% (n=36). Al inicio del estudio la diferencia entre
los grupos control e intervención ante la ansiedad situacional no fue significativa (p=0.568),
mientras que después de la intervención la diferencia entre los grupos fue significativa (p=0.000),
predominando la ansiedad situacional leve 60.0% (n=21) en el grupo control; sin embargo, en
grupo experimental predominó la ausencia de ansiedad situacional 94.3% (n=33). De igual forma
en las dimensiones de ansiedad somática y cognitiva resultaron no significativa entre ambos
grupos control e intervención en el pretest (p=0.121, p=0.745 respectivamente), existiendo
diferencias significativas luego de la intervención en los grupos control e intervención, en ambas
dimensiones (p=0.000). Conclusiones: La trascendencia del cuidado espiritual es significativa,
disminuyendo el nivel de ansiedad situacional en pacientes quirúrgicos.
Spiritual care provided by nurses can be considered as an effective alternative treatment to cope with preoperative anxiety. To determine the significance of spiritual care in situational preoperative anxiety of surgical patients. Material and Methods: Applied, relational, quasiexperimental study, which was carried out in a public hospital, as an interventional study with a random pretest - posttest group between May and July 2024. With a sample of 70 patients divided into: intervention group (n = 35), who received a spiritual care support session through prayer, Bible reading and the control group (n = 35) received conventional care. Anxiety was measured through the Beck Anxiety Inventory. The data was analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: The mean age was 41.61, female sex 51.4% (n = 36). At the beginning of the study, the difference between the control and intervention groups in terms of situational anxiety was not significant (p=0.568), while after the intervention the difference between the groups was significant (p=0.000), with mild situational anxiety predominating 60.0% (n=21) in the control group; however, in the experimental group it decreased significantly, presenting absence of situational anxiety 94.3% (n=33). Likewise, in the dimensions of somatic and cognitive anxiety, they were not significant between both control and intervention groups in the pretest (p=0.121, p=0.745 respectively), with significant differences after the intervention in the control and intervention groups, in both dimensions (p=0.000). Conclusions: The importance of spiritual care is significant, decreasing the level of situational anxiety in presurgical patients.
Spiritual care provided by nurses can be considered as an effective alternative treatment to cope with preoperative anxiety. To determine the significance of spiritual care in situational preoperative anxiety of surgical patients. Material and Methods: Applied, relational, quasiexperimental study, which was carried out in a public hospital, as an interventional study with a random pretest - posttest group between May and July 2024. With a sample of 70 patients divided into: intervention group (n = 35), who received a spiritual care support session through prayer, Bible reading and the control group (n = 35) received conventional care. Anxiety was measured through the Beck Anxiety Inventory. The data was analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: The mean age was 41.61, female sex 51.4% (n = 36). At the beginning of the study, the difference between the control and intervention groups in terms of situational anxiety was not significant (p=0.568), while after the intervention the difference between the groups was significant (p=0.000), with mild situational anxiety predominating 60.0% (n=21) in the control group; however, in the experimental group it decreased significantly, presenting absence of situational anxiety 94.3% (n=33). Likewise, in the dimensions of somatic and cognitive anxiety, they were not significant between both control and intervention groups in the pretest (p=0.121, p=0.745 respectively), with significant differences after the intervention in the control and intervention groups, in both dimensions (p=0.000). Conclusions: The importance of spiritual care is significant, decreasing the level of situational anxiety in presurgical patients.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Cuidado espiritual, Ansiedad, Preoperatorio, Spiritual care