Modelo de un Sistema de Aplicación de un Sintonizador de Frecuencias mediante el Programa Matlab – Simulink para captar Señales Inalámbricas, Aplicadas al Curso de Telecomunicaciones de la FIMEE
Fecha
2024
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga.
Resumen
Los sistemas de comunicaciones inalámbricas por radio han avanzado vertiginosamente, pero
presentan problemas de incompatibilidad entre los fabricantes de equipos, tecnologías utilizadas
y protocolos de comunicación, lo cual limita o restringe la migración entre tecnologías y equipos
físicos (hardware).
Una solución para el problema de incompatibilidad son los sistemas SDR (Radio Definida por
Software), consiste en dispositivos configurables por software. En este sistema, los
componentes normalmente son implementado por un hardware (ejemplos como moduladores
mezcladores, filtros, amplificadores, demoduladores, detectores, etc.,) y también con la
implementan utilizando software en una computadora (u otro tipo de procesador digital).
Esta tecnología resulta versátil y de bajo costo, puesto que los sistemas de software pueden ser
desarrollados en procesadores de uso general y de bajo costo.
En el presente trabajo de tesis, se desarrolla un sistema RTL-SDR, para trabajar como el
sintonizador de frecuencia para captar las señales inalámbricas y señales que ingrese al
sintonizador a través de la antena del RTL-SDR se procesa por medio de un software.
El sistema se desarrolla con el objeto de ser empleado en las prácticas de laboratorio en los
cursos de Telecomunicaciones del Programa académico de Ingeniería Electrónica de la FIMEE
UNICA, pero puede ser utilizable en cursos similares de otras Universidades o centros de
estudio. Las prácticas propuestas permitirán a los alumnos apreciar la demodulación de señales
en FM y observar el espectro de frecuencias, bajo distintos tipos de señales.
El programa se desarrolla en la plataforma de Matlab - Simulink, y en esta manera se realizarán
las configuraciones adecuadas en el paquete de herramientas para poder visualizarse los
espectros en las prácticas de laboratorio.
Como parte del trabajo se propone 2 procedimientos de prácticas que pueden ser incorporados
en las prácticas de laboratorio en los cursos de Telecomunicaciones. Las pruebas efectuadas al
sistema, con participación de alumnos de la FIMEE-UNICA, han resultado satisfactorias y ha
demostrado su aplicabilidad.
Las prácticas de laboratorio se organizan como complemento a las clases teóricas y permitirá a
los estudiantes familiarizarse con las ventajas del análisis de señales y el funcionamiento de los
terminales del sistema.
Wireless radio communications systems have advanced rapidly, but present problems of incompatibility between equipment manufacturers, technologies used and communication protocols, which limits or restricts migration between technologies and physical equipment (hardware). A solution to the incompatibility problem is SDR (Software Defined Radio) systems, which consist of software-configurable devices. In this system, components are typically implemented by hardware (examples such as modulators, mixers, filters, amplifiers, demodulators, detectors, etc.) and are also implemented using software on a computer (or other type of digital processor). This technology is versatile and low-cost, since software systems can be developed on low-cost, general-purpose processors. In this thesis work, an RTL-SDR system is developed to work as the frequency tuner to capture wireless signals and signals that enter the tuner through the RTL-SDR antenna are processed through software. The system is developed with the aim of being used in laboratory practices in the Telecommunications courses of the Academic Program of Electronic Engineering at FIMEE UNICA, but it can be used in similar courses at other Universities or study centers. The proposed practices will allow students to appreciate the demodulation of FM signals and observe the frequency spectrum, under different types of signals. The program is developed on the Matlab - Simulink platform, and in this way the appropriate configurations will be made in the tool package to be able to visualize the spectra in laboratory practices. As part of the work, 2 practice procedures are proposed that can be incorporated into laboratory practices in Telecommunications courses. The tests carried out on the system, with the participation of FIMEE-UNICA students, have been satisfactory and have demonstrated its applicability. The laboratory practices are organized as a complement to the theoretical classes and will allow students to become familiar with the advantages of signal analysis and the operation of the system terminals.
Wireless radio communications systems have advanced rapidly, but present problems of incompatibility between equipment manufacturers, technologies used and communication protocols, which limits or restricts migration between technologies and physical equipment (hardware). A solution to the incompatibility problem is SDR (Software Defined Radio) systems, which consist of software-configurable devices. In this system, components are typically implemented by hardware (examples such as modulators, mixers, filters, amplifiers, demodulators, detectors, etc.) and are also implemented using software on a computer (or other type of digital processor). This technology is versatile and low-cost, since software systems can be developed on low-cost, general-purpose processors. In this thesis work, an RTL-SDR system is developed to work as the frequency tuner to capture wireless signals and signals that enter the tuner through the RTL-SDR antenna are processed through software. The system is developed with the aim of being used in laboratory practices in the Telecommunications courses of the Academic Program of Electronic Engineering at FIMEE UNICA, but it can be used in similar courses at other Universities or study centers. The proposed practices will allow students to appreciate the demodulation of FM signals and observe the frequency spectrum, under different types of signals. The program is developed on the Matlab - Simulink platform, and in this way the appropriate configurations will be made in the tool package to be able to visualize the spectra in laboratory practices. As part of the work, 2 practice procedures are proposed that can be incorporated into laboratory practices in Telecommunications courses. The tests carried out on the system, with the participation of FIMEE-UNICA students, have been satisfactory and have demonstrated its applicability. The laboratory practices are organized as a complement to the theoretical classes and will allow students to become familiar with the advantages of signal analysis and the operation of the system terminals.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Radio Definida por Software, SDR, MEDICINE::Physiology and pharmacology::Radiological research, Software, Laboratorio, Sintonizador, Software Defined Radio