Aspectos epidemiológicos clínicos y de evolución de los pacientes con herida por arma de fuego atendidos en el Hospital Regional de Ica 2022 a 2024
Fecha
2025
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga
Resumen
En los años recientes, ha aumentado la comisión de delitos con armas de fuego para cometer actos
criminales, debido al colapso del control policial, lo que ha resultado en un mayor número de
personas heridas por proyectiles.
Objetivo. Determinar los aspectos epidemiológicos clínicos y de evolución de los pacientes con
herida por arma de fuego atendidos en el Hospital Regional de Ica 2022 a 2024
Metodología. Se efectuó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, trasversal y retrospectivo basado
en revisión de historias clínicas en una muestra de 107 casos de personas afectadas por impactos
de bala atendidas en la unidad de emergencia del Hospital Regional de Ica. Se utilizó un
formulario de recopilación de información para analizar los expedientes médicos, aplicando
métodos de estadística descriptiva para determinar frecuencias y porcentajes.
Resultados.
La mayor parte de los individuos pertenecían al género masculino (94.4 %), cuyas edades oscilan
entre 21 a 39 años (69.2%), los sucesos se dieron en áreas públicas (79.4%), siendo el tratamiento
de la gran mayoría no quirúrgico (81.3 %), las zonas del cuerpo con mayor incidencia de heridas
fueron las extremidades inferiores (40.2 %). Siendo en su mayoría trabajadores (73,8%) atendidos
en tópico de emergencia (86%), por un solo proyectil (76,6%), ingresan en camilla (38.3%),
estables con valoración Glasgow entre 13 a 15 (92,5%), presentando sólo lesión de tejidos blandos
(70,1%), permaneciendo 1 a 2 días hospitalizados y pidiendo el retiro voluntario (57,9%).
In recent years, the commission of crimes using firearms has increased due to the collapse of police control, resulting in a higher number of people injured by gunshots. Objective. To determine the clinical, epidemiological, and progression aspects of patients with firearm injuries treated at the Regional Hospital of Ica from 2022 to 2024. Methodology. An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study was conducted based on the review of medical records from a sample of 107 cases of individuals affected by gunshot wounds treated in the emergency unit of the Regional Hospital of Ica. An information collection form was used to analyze the medical files, applying descriptive statistical methods to determine frequencies and percentages. Results. Most individuals were male (94.4%), aged between 21 and 39 years (69.2%). The incidents occurred mainly in public areas (79.4%). The majority received non-surgical treatment (81.3%). The most frequently affected body parts were the lower limbs (40.2%). Most patients were workers (73.8%) treated in the emergency area (86%), due to a single projectile (76.6%), arriving on a stretcher (38.3%), in stable condition with a Glasgow Coma Scale score between 13 and 15 (92.5%), presenting only soft tissue injuries (70.1%), staying hospitalized for 1 to 2 days, and opting for voluntary discharge (57.9%).
In recent years, the commission of crimes using firearms has increased due to the collapse of police control, resulting in a higher number of people injured by gunshots. Objective. To determine the clinical, epidemiological, and progression aspects of patients with firearm injuries treated at the Regional Hospital of Ica from 2022 to 2024. Methodology. An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study was conducted based on the review of medical records from a sample of 107 cases of individuals affected by gunshot wounds treated in the emergency unit of the Regional Hospital of Ica. An information collection form was used to analyze the medical files, applying descriptive statistical methods to determine frequencies and percentages. Results. Most individuals were male (94.4%), aged between 21 and 39 years (69.2%). The incidents occurred mainly in public areas (79.4%). The majority received non-surgical treatment (81.3%). The most frequently affected body parts were the lower limbs (40.2%). Most patients were workers (73.8%) treated in the emergency area (86%), due to a single projectile (76.6%), arriving on a stretcher (38.3%), in stable condition with a Glasgow Coma Scale score between 13 and 15 (92.5%), presenting only soft tissue injuries (70.1%), staying hospitalized for 1 to 2 days, and opting for voluntary discharge (57.9%).
Descripción
Palabras clave
Heridas, Armas de fuego, Escala de Glasgow, Hospitalización, Wounds, Emergency