Estilo de apego materno y desarrollo psicomotor en niños de 6 a 12 meses atendidos en el puesto de salud el Arenal Ica 2024
Fecha
2025
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga.
Resumen
El vínculo entre madre e hijo durante los primeros meses de vida influye directamente en el
desarrollo del niño, bajo esta perspectiva, la investigación desarrollada planteó como Objetivo:
Determinar la relación entre el estilo de apego materno y desarrollo psicomotor en niños de 6 a
12 meses atendidos en el Puesto de Salud El Arenal Ica – 2024. Material y métodos: Se consideró
el enfoque cuantitativo, nivel descriptivo - correlacional y diseño no experimental, donde se
incluyó una muestra de 75 diadas (madre-niño), tamaño obtenido por muestreo probabilístico,
empleando como técnica entrevista, observación, y análisis documental, siendo el instrumento un
formato de guía de entrevista para factores de riesgo, la escala de “Massie y Campbell” y el test
de desarrollo psicomotor del MINSA, instrumentos validados (0.016) y confiables (0.93).
Resultados: El estilo de apego materno según conducta del niño fue seguro en el 77.3%; de
acuerdo con la respuesta de la madre, el apego fue seguro en 86.7%. Por otro lado, el 62.7%
presenta riesgo para trastorno en el desarrollo, según áreas psicomotoras, el desarrollo fue óptimo
en cada área, identificando que las áreas de lenguaje y social están en proceso en algunos hitos.
Además, se identificó relación entre la edad de la madre, ocupación y tipo de familia tanto con el
apego seguro y con el desarrollo psicomotor. Conclusión: Se demostró que existe relación
significativa entre el estilo de apego materno y el desarrollo psicomotor en niños de 6 a 12 meses
atendidos en el Puesto de Salud El Arenal Ica 2024. (Rho: 0,214; p: ,015).
The bond between mother and child during the first months of life directly influences the child's development. From this perspective, the present research objective to determine the relationship between maternal attachment style and psychomotor development in children aged 6 to 12 months who were attended at the El Arenal Health Post in Ica – 2024. Materials and Methods: A quantitative approach was used, with a descriptive-correlational level and non-experimental design. The study included a sample of 75 mother-child days, determined through probabilistic sampling. Data collection techniques included interviews, observation, and document analysis, using instruments such as a risk factor interview guide, the "Massie and Campbell" scale, and the MINSA psychomotor development test—both validated (0.016) and reliable (0.88). Results: The maternal attachment style, based on the child's behavior, was secure in 77.3% of cases; based on the mother's response, it was secure in 86.7%; and overall, it was secure in 82.7% of children aged 6 to 12 months. On the other hand, 62.7% of children showed a risk for developmental disorders. According to psychomotor areas, development was optimal overall, but language and social areas showed some milestones still in progress. Conclusion: A significant relationship was demonstrated between maternal attachment style and psychomotor development in children aged 6 to 12 months attending the El Arenal Health Post in Ica in 2024 (Rho: 0.214; p: .015).
The bond between mother and child during the first months of life directly influences the child's development. From this perspective, the present research objective to determine the relationship between maternal attachment style and psychomotor development in children aged 6 to 12 months who were attended at the El Arenal Health Post in Ica – 2024. Materials and Methods: A quantitative approach was used, with a descriptive-correlational level and non-experimental design. The study included a sample of 75 mother-child days, determined through probabilistic sampling. Data collection techniques included interviews, observation, and document analysis, using instruments such as a risk factor interview guide, the "Massie and Campbell" scale, and the MINSA psychomotor development test—both validated (0.016) and reliable (0.88). Results: The maternal attachment style, based on the child's behavior, was secure in 77.3% of cases; based on the mother's response, it was secure in 86.7%; and overall, it was secure in 82.7% of children aged 6 to 12 months. On the other hand, 62.7% of children showed a risk for developmental disorders. According to psychomotor areas, development was optimal overall, but language and social areas showed some milestones still in progress. Conclusion: A significant relationship was demonstrated between maternal attachment style and psychomotor development in children aged 6 to 12 months attending the El Arenal Health Post in Ica in 2024 (Rho: 0.214; p: .015).
Descripción
Palabras clave
Relaciones madre-hijo, Desarrollo infantil, Desarrollo del lenguaje, Habilidades sociales, Mother-child relationships
