Alfabetización en salud asociado a la adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en el Centro de Salud FONAVI IV, Ica 2025
Fecha
2025
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga
Resumen
Determinar la relación entre la alfabetización en salud y la adherencia al tratamiento
en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en el Centro de Salud FONAVI IV, Ica 2025.
Materiales y métodos: Este estudio observacional analizó la relación entre alfabetización en
salud y adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2 (DM2) en el Centro de Salud
FONAVI IV, Ica. Se incluyeron 176 pacientes, usando cuestionarios para recolectar datos
sociodemográficos, evaluar alfabetización en salud con SAHLSA-50 y adherencia al tratamiento
con Morisky-Green. Los resultados se analizaron con SPSS 25.0 y la prueba Chi cuadrado,
respetando principios éticos.
Resultados: En el Centro de Salud FONAVI IV, la mayoría de los pacientes con DM2 eran
mujeres de entre 30 y 59 años, con educación superior y estado civil soltero. El 57.4% presentó
un nivel inadecuado de alfabetización en salud, mientras que el 79.5% no mostró adherencia
adecuada al tratamiento. Aunque los pacientes con alfabetización adecuada tuvieron una ligera
mejor adherencia, no se encontró una relación significativa entre alfabetización en salud y
adherencia al tratamiento (p=0.207).
Conclusiones: La falta de una relación significativa entre alfabetización en salud y adherencia al
tratamiento sugiere que otros factores, como el apoyo familiar y las condiciones socioeconómicas,
influyen más en la adherencia al tratamiento, lo que requiere un enfoque integral para abordar
estos desafíos.
To determine the relationship between health literacy and treatment adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the FONAVI IV Health Center, Ica 2025. Materials and Methods: This observational study analyzed the relationship between health literacy (HL) and treatment adherence (TA) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) at the FONAVI IV Health Center, Ica. A total of 176 patients were included, using questionnaires to collect sociodemographic data, assess HL with the SAHLSA-50, and measure TA with the Morisky-Green survey. The results were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and the Chi-square test, adhering to ethical principles. Results: At the FONAVI IV Health Center, most T2DM patients were women aged 30 to 59, with higher education and were single. 57.4% had inadequate health literacy, while 79.5% showed inadequate treatment adherence. Although patients with adequate literacy showed slightly better adherence, no significant relationship was found between HL and TA (p=0.207). Conclusions: The lack of a significant relationship between HL and TA suggests that other factors, such as family support and socioeconomic conditions, have a greater impact on TA, requiring a comprehensive approach to address these challenges.
To determine the relationship between health literacy and treatment adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the FONAVI IV Health Center, Ica 2025. Materials and Methods: This observational study analyzed the relationship between health literacy (HL) and treatment adherence (TA) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) at the FONAVI IV Health Center, Ica. A total of 176 patients were included, using questionnaires to collect sociodemographic data, assess HL with the SAHLSA-50, and measure TA with the Morisky-Green survey. The results were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and the Chi-square test, adhering to ethical principles. Results: At the FONAVI IV Health Center, most T2DM patients were women aged 30 to 59, with higher education and were single. 57.4% had inadequate health literacy, while 79.5% showed inadequate treatment adherence. Although patients with adequate literacy showed slightly better adherence, no significant relationship was found between HL and TA (p=0.207). Conclusions: The lack of a significant relationship between HL and TA suggests that other factors, such as family support and socioeconomic conditions, have a greater impact on TA, requiring a comprehensive approach to address these challenges.
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Palabras clave
Adherencia al tratamiento, Diabetes mellitus, Autocuidado, Alfabetismo en salud, Health literacy, Health promotion