Características epidemiológicas, clínicas y mortalidad por dengue en pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Regional de Ica 2023 al 2024
Fecha
2025
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga
Resumen
Objetivo: Determinar las características epidemiologías, clínicas y mortalidad por dengue en
pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Regional de Ica 2023 a 2024
Metodología.
Estudio observacional, transversal, retrospectiva, descriptiva, y enfoque
cuantitativo, en una población de 9780 pacientes con dengue atendidos entre los años 2023 a
2024 de donde se obtuvo un tamaño de muestra de 370 pacientes, se revisó sus historias clínicas
cuyos datos se procesaron en el programa estadístico SPSS v29. Resultados: Mayormente son
pacientes de edades entre 30 a 60 años (37,6%) seguido de los de 20 a 30 años (23%) de 6 a 11
años (15,9%), de 12 a 19 años (12,7%) y los mayores de 60 años (10,8%), sexo masculino
(55,4%). Se presentó con mayor frecuencia en Ica (34,1%), Parcona (12,2%), La Tinguiña
(10,8%) y en menor porcentaje en los demás distritos de Ica, siendo el de menor frecuencia el
distrito de Virgen de Yauca (0,8%), ocupación es obrero (44,1%) profesionales (36,2%) y amas
de casa (19,7%). El grado de instrucción superior (47,0%), secundaria (42,4%) y primaria
(10,5%). La sintomatología prevalente es la cefalea (100,0%), seguido del dolor retro ocular
(82,2%), mialgias (78,6%) artralgias (68,5%) fiebre (53,8%) y en menor proporción lumbalgia
(40,3%), conjuntivitis (28,6%), plaquetopenia (14,6%), petequias (6,5%), linfopenia (5,1%). El
caso confirmado de dengue en los pacientes ascendió a 5,1%. Los pacientes que presentaron
dengue sin signos de alarma fueron el 88,6%. Las comorbilidades más frecuentes encontrados
en los pacientes con dengue fueron la hipertensión arterial (9,5%), obesidad (8,9%) y la diabetes
mellitus tipo 2 (8,1%). La tasa de mortalidad por dengue fue de 0,3%.
Conclusiones: Son pacientes jóvenes o adultos, del sexo masculino, que proceden en su
mayoría de Ica, cuya ocupación es profesional u obrero, con grado de instrucción entre
secundaria y superior, presentan cefalea, dolor retro ocular, artralgias, mialgias fiebre, con baja
tasa de confirmación serológica y con alta proporción de casos sin signos de alarma, con
comorbilidades como hipertensión arterial, diabetes u obesidad, con una tasa de letalidad de
0,3%.
Objective: To determine the epidemiological characteristics, clinical features, and mortality from dengue in patients treated at the Regional Hospital of Ica from 2023 to 2024. Methodology: Observational, cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive study with a descriptive level and a quantitative approach, conducted on a population of 9,780 patients diagnosed with dengue between 2023 and 2024. A sample size of 370 patients was obtained, and their medical records were reviewed, with data processed using the statistical program SPSS v29. Results: The majority of patients were aged between 30 and 60 years (37.6%), followed by those aged 20 to 30 years (23%), 6 to 11 years (15.9%), 12 to 19 years (12.7%), and those over 60 years old (10.8%). The male gender accounted for 55.4%. The disease was most frequent in Ica (34.1%), followed by Parcona (12.2%), La Tinguiña (10.8%), with the lowest frequency found in other districts of Ica, particularly Virgen de Yauca (0.8%). The most common occupations were manual laborers (44.1%), professionals (36.2%), and housewives (19.7%). The highest level of education was university (47.0%), followed by secondary education (42.4%) and primary education (10.5%). The most common symptoms were headache (100.0%), followed by retroorbital pain (82.2%), myalgias (78.6%), arthralgias (68.5%), fever (53.8%), and less frequently, low back pain (40.3%), conjunctivitis (28.6%), thrombocytopenia (14.6%), petechiae (6.5%), and lymphopenia (5.1%). Confirmed dengue cases accounted for 5.1%. The majority of patients (88.6%) presented dengue without warning signs. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (9.5%), obesity (8.9%), and type 2 diabetes (8.1%). The mortality rate from dengue was 0.3%. Conclusions: The patients were primarily young or middle-aged men from Ica, most of whom were professionals or manual laborers with an educational level between secondary and higher education. The common symptoms included headache, retroorbital pain, myalgias, arthralgias, and fever, with a low rate of serological confirmation and a high proportion of cases without warning signs. The most frequent comorbidities were hypertension, diabetes, and obesity, with a case fatality rate of 0.3%.
Objective: To determine the epidemiological characteristics, clinical features, and mortality from dengue in patients treated at the Regional Hospital of Ica from 2023 to 2024. Methodology: Observational, cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive study with a descriptive level and a quantitative approach, conducted on a population of 9,780 patients diagnosed with dengue between 2023 and 2024. A sample size of 370 patients was obtained, and their medical records were reviewed, with data processed using the statistical program SPSS v29. Results: The majority of patients were aged between 30 and 60 years (37.6%), followed by those aged 20 to 30 years (23%), 6 to 11 years (15.9%), 12 to 19 years (12.7%), and those over 60 years old (10.8%). The male gender accounted for 55.4%. The disease was most frequent in Ica (34.1%), followed by Parcona (12.2%), La Tinguiña (10.8%), with the lowest frequency found in other districts of Ica, particularly Virgen de Yauca (0.8%). The most common occupations were manual laborers (44.1%), professionals (36.2%), and housewives (19.7%). The highest level of education was university (47.0%), followed by secondary education (42.4%) and primary education (10.5%). The most common symptoms were headache (100.0%), followed by retroorbital pain (82.2%), myalgias (78.6%), arthralgias (68.5%), fever (53.8%), and less frequently, low back pain (40.3%), conjunctivitis (28.6%), thrombocytopenia (14.6%), petechiae (6.5%), and lymphopenia (5.1%). Confirmed dengue cases accounted for 5.1%. The majority of patients (88.6%) presented dengue without warning signs. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (9.5%), obesity (8.9%), and type 2 diabetes (8.1%). The mortality rate from dengue was 0.3%. Conclusions: The patients were primarily young or middle-aged men from Ica, most of whom were professionals or manual laborers with an educational level between secondary and higher education. The common symptoms included headache, retroorbital pain, myalgias, arthralgias, and fever, with a low rate of serological confirmation and a high proportion of cases without warning signs. The most frequent comorbidities were hypertension, diabetes, and obesity, with a case fatality rate of 0.3%.
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Características, Epidemiológicas, Mortalidad, Dengue, Characteristics