Prevalencia de enteroparasitismo y anemia en niños menores de 12 años que acuden al Hospital de Apoyo Palpa, Ica. setiembre - diciembre 2021
Fecha
2023
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga
Resumen
Las parasitosis intestinales y la anemia, son patologías frecuentes de la población infantil, con
mayor frecuencia en países en vías de desarrollo, comportándose como un problema de Salud
Pública, por lo que es necesario conocer su prevalencia. En vista de ello, se realizó la presente
investigación con el objetivo de determinar la prevalencia del enteroparasitismo y anemia en
145 niños menores de 12 años de edad que acudieron al Hospital de Apoyo de Palpa, Ica; se
realizó examen parasitológico de materia fecal, para la anemia se hizo tamizaje de la
hemoglobina; los resultados fueron analizados con el Chi cuadrado. Se halló una prevalencia
de 24,8 % para los enteroparásitos y 5,5 % para anemia, sin guardar relación directa entre
ambas (p > 0,05); el monoparasitismo fue predominante, donde Giardia lamblia, junto a
Blastocystis hominis fueron los parásitos más frecuentes; no se encontró diferencia
significativa entre estas afecciones y el género de los niños (p > 0,05); mientras que, la carencia
de agua potable y el hacinamiento tuvieron relación significativa con la presencia de
enteroparásitos (p < 0,05); así como, que la prevalencia del enteroparasitismo está relacionado
con el desconocimiento que tiene la madre de familia sobre la epidemiología de esta afección
(p < 0,05), más no con la anemia (p > 0,05), concluyéndose que estas patologías, infecciosa y
carencial, continúan prevalentes en la población de los niños palpeños.
Intestinal parasites and anemia are frequent pathologies of the child population, more frequently in developing countries, behaving as a Public Health problem, so it is necessary to know their prevalence. In view of this, the present investigation was carried out with the objective of determining the prevalence of enteroparasitism and anemia in 145 children under 12 years of age who attended the Palpa Support Hospital, Ica; a parasitological examination of fecal matter was performed, for anemia a hemoglobin screening was performed; the results were analyzed with the Chi square. A prevalence of 24,8 % was found for enteroparasites and 5,5 % for anemia, with no direct relationship between the two (p > 0,05); monoparasitism was predominant, where Giardia lamblia, together with Blastocystis hominis were the most frequent parasites; no significant difference was found between these conditions and the gender of the children (p > 0,05); while the lack of drinking water and overcrowding had a significant relationship with the presence of intestinal parasites (p < 0,05); as well as, that the prevalence of enteroparasitism is related to the lack of knowledge that the mother of the family has about the epidemiology of this condition (p < 0,05), but not with anemia (p > 0,05), concluding that these pathologies , infectious and deficiency, continue to be prevalent in the population of children from palpeños.
Intestinal parasites and anemia are frequent pathologies of the child population, more frequently in developing countries, behaving as a Public Health problem, so it is necessary to know their prevalence. In view of this, the present investigation was carried out with the objective of determining the prevalence of enteroparasitism and anemia in 145 children under 12 years of age who attended the Palpa Support Hospital, Ica; a parasitological examination of fecal matter was performed, for anemia a hemoglobin screening was performed; the results were analyzed with the Chi square. A prevalence of 24,8 % was found for enteroparasites and 5,5 % for anemia, with no direct relationship between the two (p > 0,05); monoparasitism was predominant, where Giardia lamblia, together with Blastocystis hominis were the most frequent parasites; no significant difference was found between these conditions and the gender of the children (p > 0,05); while the lack of drinking water and overcrowding had a significant relationship with the presence of intestinal parasites (p < 0,05); as well as, that the prevalence of enteroparasitism is related to the lack of knowledge that the mother of the family has about the epidemiology of this condition (p < 0,05), but not with anemia (p > 0,05), concluding that these pathologies , infectious and deficiency, continue to be prevalent in the population of children from palpeños.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Enteroparasitismo, Anemia, Niños, Prevalencia, Children