Costo de oportunidad a partir de la valorización de los residuos sólidos municipales en la Municipalidad distrital de Paracas, 2022
Fecha
2024
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Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga
Resumen
Los “desechos sólidos”, que tienen un manejo deficiente o inadecuado generan
contaminación, alterando los ecosistemas y afectando a la población. La investigación
planteo el Objetivo: Estimar el “costo de oportunidad” a partir de la “valorización de los residuos
sólidos municipales” en la Municipalidad distrital de Paracas, 2022. Metodología: Tipo aplicado,
Nivel descriptivo y Diseño no experimental. Muestra para la valoración económica: 400,36
kg/día (residuos aprovechables”) y la Muestra para la encuesta: Pobladores que residen en el
distrito = 55, Dueños de comercio que están alrededor del muelle de Paracas = 20; Pescadores =
10; Personas que trabajan en RNP = 5; Trabajadores y funcionarios de la Municipalidad = 35; lo
que dan un total de 125. Conclusión: La rentabilidad de la “valorización económica”, se
determinó en cinco años mediante el: VAN = S/. 151 593,88 > 0; TIR = 122% y el B/C = 2,01.
Asimismo, el 40,0% de los entrevistados indican que en relación a los “residuos inorgánicos”, la
Municipalidad no realiza ningún manejo, el 31,42% son comercializados y el 28,57% son
reutilizados. Por lo que, el 51,42% señalan que el distrito presenta áreas degradadas por la
presencia de RR.SS, el 34,28% señala que algunas veces y el 14,28% responde que no. De la
encuesta realizada a la población del distrito de Paracas, el 47,7% indica que algunas veces conoce
los beneficios del “reciclaje”, el 35,5% si conoce y el 16,6% señala que no. Por lo que, El 54,4%
responde que si realizaría la separación de sus “residuos” en su vivienda para su
reaprovechamiento, el 28,8% algunas veces y el 16,6% señala que no.
“Solid waste,” which is poorly or inadequately managed, generates pollution, altering ecosystems and affecting the population. The research proposed the Objective: Estimate the “opportunity cost” from the “valuation of municipal solid waste” in the District Municipality of Paracas, 2022. Methodology: Applied type, Descriptive level and Non-experimental design. Sample for the economic valuation: 400.36 kg/day (usable waste”) and the Sample for the survey: Residents residing in the district = 55, Business owners who are around the Paracas dock = 20; Fishermen = 10; People working at RNP = 5; Municipal workers and officials = 35; which gives a total of 125. Conclusion: The profitability of the “economic valuation” was determined in five years by: NPV = S/. 151,593.88 > 0; IRR = 122% and B/C = 2.01. Likewise, 40.0% of those interviewed indicate that in relation to “inorganic waste”, the Municipality does not carry out any management, 31.42% are marketed and 28.57% are reused. Therefore, 51.42% indicate that the district has degraded areas due to the presence of “solid waste”, 34.28% indicate that sometimes and 14.28% answer no. From the survey carried out among the population of the Paracas district, 47.7% indicate that they sometimes know the benefits of "recycling", 35.5% do and 16.6% indicate that they do not. Therefore, 54.4% respond that they would separate their “waste” at home for reuse, 28.8% sometimes and 16.6% say no.
“Solid waste,” which is poorly or inadequately managed, generates pollution, altering ecosystems and affecting the population. The research proposed the Objective: Estimate the “opportunity cost” from the “valuation of municipal solid waste” in the District Municipality of Paracas, 2022. Methodology: Applied type, Descriptive level and Non-experimental design. Sample for the economic valuation: 400.36 kg/day (usable waste”) and the Sample for the survey: Residents residing in the district = 55, Business owners who are around the Paracas dock = 20; Fishermen = 10; People working at RNP = 5; Municipal workers and officials = 35; which gives a total of 125. Conclusion: The profitability of the “economic valuation” was determined in five years by: NPV = S/. 151,593.88 > 0; IRR = 122% and B/C = 2.01. Likewise, 40.0% of those interviewed indicate that in relation to “inorganic waste”, the Municipality does not carry out any management, 31.42% are marketed and 28.57% are reused. Therefore, 51.42% indicate that the district has degraded areas due to the presence of “solid waste”, 34.28% indicate that sometimes and 14.28% answer no. From the survey carried out among the population of the Paracas district, 47.7% indicate that they sometimes know the benefits of "recycling", 35.5% do and 16.6% indicate that they do not. Therefore, 54.4% respond that they would separate their “waste” at home for reuse, 28.8% sometimes and 16.6% say no.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Residuo aprovechable, Valoración económica, Municipalidad, Población, Reusable waste